İran Ekonomisindeki Sektörlerin Toplam Faktör Verimliliğinin Ölçülmesi: Malmquist Endeks Analizi

Verimliliğin, ülkelerin büyümesinde ve rekabet gücünün artmasında önemli ve etkili bir rolü vardır. Bu çalışmada, Malmquist verimlilik endeksi kullanılarak, 2012-2017 yılları arasında İran ekonomisinin üç önemli sektöründe (tarım, sanayi ve hizmetler) üretim faktörlerinin toplam faktör verimlilik büyüme trendi incelenmiştir. Sonuçlar, çalışma döneminde, sanayi sektörü dışındaki tüm ekonomik sektörlerde toplam faktör verimlilik değişimlerinin teknolojik değişikliklere bağlı olduğunu ve sanayi sektöründe, hem teknik etkinlik hem de teknolojik değişikliklerin bu sektörün verimliliğini etkilediğini göstermiştir. Buna göre, tarım sektöründeki toplam faktör verimliliğinin büyümesi %1,5 azalmayla negatif bir seyir izlerken, sanayi ve hizmetler sektörlerinde sırasıyla %7 ve %11,3 artışla pozitif bir eğilim izlemiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

İktisadi sektörler, Etkinlik, Verimlilik, Malmquist Endeksi, Teknolojik Değişme, İran

Measurement of Total Factor Productivity in Iranian Economic Sectors: Malmquist Index Analysis

Productivity has an important and effective role in the growth of production and increasing the competitiveness of countries. In this study, using the Malmquist productivity index, the total productivity growth trend of production factors in three important sectors of the Iranian economy (agriculture, industry and services) during the years 2012-2017 have been discussed. The results showed that during the study period total factors productivity changes in all economic sectors except the industrial sector are due to technological changes, and in the industrial sector, both technical efficiency and technological changes have affected the productivity of this sector. Therefore, the growth of total factor productivity in the agricultural sector has had a negative trend with a decrease of 1.5% and in industry and services has had a positive trend with 7% and 11.3%, respectively.

Keywords:

Economic Sectors, Efficiency, Productivity, Malmquist Index, Technological Change, Iran,

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