İhracat Piyasasına Giriş Yapmanın Verimlilik ve Diğer Firma Göstergeleri Üzerindeki Etkisi: Türkiye İmalat Sanayii Örneği

Bu çalışmada ihracatın firma göstergeleri üzerindeki etkisi test edilmektedir. Bu amaçla imalat firmalarının 2003-2015 dönemine ait veri seti eğilim skoru eşleştirme ve fark içinde fark tahmincisi yöntemleriyle analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre ihracat ile verimlilik arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisini literatürde iki yönlü olarak açıklayan kendi kendini seçim ve ihracat yaparak öğrenme hipotezleri desteklenmiştir. Ayrıca ihracat piyasasına giriş yapmanın firmaların faaliyet ölçeği, sermaye girdisi, işgücü yapısı ve maliyette rekabet edebilme gücü hakkında fikir veren değişkenler üzerinde de istatistiksel olarak anlamlı etkilerinin olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Çalışma, ihracatın firma üzerindeki etkisini çok sayıda değişken açısından değerlendiren kapsayıcı bir çalışma olarak literatüre katkı sağlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Toplam Faktör Verimliliği, Kendi Kendini Seçim, İhracat Yoluyla Öğrenme, Türkiye İmalat Endüstrisi

The Impact of Entering the Export Market on Productivity and Other Firm Indicators: The Case of the Turkish Manufacturing Industry

In this study, the effect of exports on firm indicators is tested. For this purpose, the data set of manufacturing companies for the period 2003-2015 was analyzed by propensity score matching and difference in difference estimator methods. According to the results of the analysis, self-selection and learning by exporting hypotheses, which explain the causality relationship between export and productivity in two ways in the literature were supported. In addition, it was concluded that entering the export market has statistically significant effects on the variables that give an idea about the scale of operation, capital input, workforce composition and cost competitiveness of the companies. The study contributes to the literature as an inclusive study that evaluates the effect of exports on the firm in terms of many variables.

Keywords:

Total Factor Productivity, Self-selection, Learning by Exporting, Turkish Manufacturing Industry,

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