Akciğer Karsinomu Tedavisi Sırasında Beyin Metastazı GelişiminiEtkileyen Faktörler

Amaç: Beyin metastazı gelişimi akciğer karsinomlarında sıklıkla görülmekte ve mortaliteyi arttırmaktadır. Çalışmamızda akciğer karsinomu tanısı ile izlenen hastalarda beyin metastazı gelişimine etkili olan faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi ve beyin metastazı sonrasında sağ kalımlarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: Ocak 2013-Aralık 2017 tarihlerinde akciğer karsinomu tanısı alan, tanı anında beyin metastazı saptanmayan ve takiplerinde beyin metastazı gelişen 72 hasta çalışmaya alındı.Bulgular: Adenokarsinom %40,3 oranında saptanırken, küçük hücreli akciğer karsinomu (KHAK) %31,9, skuamoz hücreli karsinom %26,4 idi. Tanı anında hastaların %30,6’sı evre IVB, %29,2’si evre IIIB ve %18,1’i evre IIIA grubundaydı. Evre I ve II grubundan toplam 5 (%6,9) hasta bulunmaktaydı. Hastaların %66,7’sinde N2 tutulumu bulunurken, %23,6’sında N3 tutulumu saptanmıştı. İlk tanıda uzak metastaz hastaların %63,9’unda bulunmamaktaydı. Hastaların tanı anından itibaren beyin metastazı gelişme süresi 11,9±8,5 aydı. Beyin metastazı geliştikten sonra hastaların yaşam süresi 3,77±4,0 aydı. Hastaların sadece %8,3’ü (n: 6) halen yaşamaktadır. Yaşamakta olan hastaların tümünün adenokarsinom tanısı aldığı saptandı.Sonuç: Çalışmamızda primer tümörde yeterli tedavi yanıtlarına rağmen yaklaşık bir yıl içinde hastalarda beyin metastazı geliştiği ve iki ay içinde hayatlarını kaybetmesine neden olduğu izlendi. Mediastinal lenf nodu tutulumu, lokal ileri ve metastatik evre hastalık ve adeno kanser histolojisi akciğer karsinomunda beyin metastazı gelişiminde etkili faktörlerdendir.

Factors Affecting Occurence of Brain Metastasis During Lung Carcinoma Treatment

Objective: Brain metastases are frequently seen in lung carcinomas and increase mortality. The aim of this studyis to evaluate the factors affecting brain metastases occurrence and to determine survival after brain metastasesin patients with lung cancer. Method: The study included 72 patients who were diagnosed with lung carcinoma and had no brain metastasisat the time of diagnosis. Results: The diagnosis of adenocarcinoma was 40.3%, while small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) was 31.9% andsquamous cell carcinoma was 26.4%. At the time of diagnosis 30.6% of patients were in stage IVB, 29.2% instage IIIB and 18.1% in stage IIIA group. There were 5 (6.9%) patients in stage I and II. N2 involvement wasfound in 66.7% of the patients and N3 involvement was found in 23.6% of the patients. In the initial diagnosis,distant metastasis was not present in 63.9% of the patients. The time to brain metastasis development was 10.0months. The survial of the patients was 2.0 months after the development of brain metastasis. Only 8,3% (n: 6)of the patients are still alive. All these alive patients were diagnosed as adenocarcinoma.Conclusion: In our study, despite the adequate treatment responses in the primary tumor, brain metastasisdeveloped in the patients within one year and caused loss of life in two months. Mediastinal lymph node involvement, local advanced and metastatic stage disease and adenocancer histology are effective factors in thedevelopment of brain metastasis in lung carcinoma.

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