Meryem AŞKIN, ESRA MELTEM KOÇ, Mehmet ARSLAN, Merve Yekta ATEŞ, Gizem DAĞ, MELİH KAAN SÖZMEN

KADINLARIN MEME KANSERİ TARAMALARINA KATILIMLARINI ETKİLEYEN DEMOGRAFİK DEĞİŞKENLER

Giriş: Meme kanseri, kadınlar arasında en sık görülen kanser türüdür. Türkiye’de meme kanseri insidansı son dekatta iki kat artmıştır. Tarama ve erken tanı hastalık yükünü azaltmak için önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Atatürk Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Aile Hekimliği Polikliniği’ne başvuran 20-69 yaş arası kadınların mamografi çektirme ve kendi kendine meme muayenesi(KKMM) yapma sıklıklarının belirlemek ve meme kanseri tarama programına katılma kararlarını etkileyen demografik faktörleri araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada very toplamak amacıyla araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan 15 soruluk veri formu kullanılmıştır. Bağımsız değişkenlerin tek tek etkilerini değerlendirmek için çok değişkenli lojistik regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya toplamda 301 kadın katıldı. Kadınların %58,1’i (n=175) KKMM yapıyordu ve %27,9’u (n=84) mamografi çektirmişti. Çok değişkenli regresyon analizine göre, meme kanseri hakkında bilgi alanların (OR:2,460, %95 GA:1,373-4,408) ve klinik meme muayenesi yaptıranların (OR: 2,913, %95 GA:1,374-6,175) KKMM yapma olasılıkları daha yüksek bulundu. Mamografi tarama sıklığı ileri yaş (OR: 1,158;% 95 GA:1,105-1,213) ve birinci derece akrabada meme kanseri öyküsü pozitif olanlarda (OR: 6,199;% 95 GA:2,114-18,881) daha yüksek iken, klinik meme muayenesi olan bireylerde mamografi çektirme olasılığı daha düşüktü (OR: 0,021,% 95 GA:0,007- 0,059) Sonuç: Bu çalışmada KKMM için, meme kanseri hakkında bilgi almanın ve klinik meme muayenesi yaptırmanın pozitif etkisi olduğu bulundu. İleri yaş ve birinci derece akrabasında meme kanseri öyküsü olması mamografi çektirmeyi olumlu yönde etkilerken, klinik meme muayenesi yaptırmanın mamografi çektirmeye olumsuz etkisi olduğu bulundu. Bu nedenle, hastalara meme kanseri hakkında bilgi vermenin, meme kanseri taramalarına katılmalarını ve KKMM yapmalarını olumlu yönde etkileyecektir.

DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES AFFECTING WOMEN’S PARTICIPATION IN BREAST CANCER SCREENINGS

Introduction: Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent type of cancer among women. The incidence of BC doubled in Turkey during last decade. Screening and early diagnosis is crucial for reducing the disease burden. However the screening rates for BC is not at desired levels. The aim of the study is to determine the mamography screening and self-breast examination (SBE) prevalence of 20-69 aged women who applied to Izmir Katip Celebi University Atatürk Training and Research Hospital Family Medicine outpatient clinic and to investigate demographic factors affecting their decision to participate in breast cancer screening program. Material and Method: A data form of 15 questions prepared by the researchers was used in order to collect data in the study. We used multivariate logistic regression analysis to assess individual effects of independent variables. Results: A total of 301 women participated in the study. 58,1% (n=175) of the women applied breast selfexamination and 27,9% (n=84) was screened with mammography. According to the multivariate regression analyses, women who received information on breast screening (OR: 2,460, 95% CI: 1,373-4,408) and individuals who received clinical breast examination (OR: 2,913, 95% CI:1,374-6,175) were more likely to apply self-breast examination. While mammography screening rates were higher among those with higher age (OR: 1,158; 95% CI:1,105-1,213) and a positive history of breast cancer in a first-degree relative (OR: 6,199; 95% CI:2,114- 18,881), individuals who were examined clinically were less likely to receive mammography (OR: 0,021, 95% CI:0,007-0,059). Conclusion: In this study we found that; receiving information about breast cancer and having a clinical breast examination had positive impact on BSE. While advanced age and a positive history of breast cancer among firstdegree relative was related with higher mammography uptake rates, receiving clinical breast examination had negative effect for mammography uptake. For this reason, giving information about breast cancer might have positive effect on participating in breast cancer screening and practicing BSE.

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