BURMA’DAN MYANMAR’A ARAKAN’DA ROHİNGYA MÜSLÜMANLARI

Uzun zaman boyunca Burma Birliği olarak bilinen ancak 1989’da Myanmar Birliği olarak adı değiştirilen ülke, 1962’den 2011’e kadar Tatmadaw olarak adlandırılan askeri dikta ile yönetilmiştir. Bu dönemde askeri cunta çok sayıda anti demokratik uygulamayı hayata geçirmiştir. Burmalı Müslümanlar bu anti demokratik uygulamaların hedefinde olmuştur. Bu çerçevede Arakan olarak bilinen fakat resmen Rahkine Devleti olarak adlandırılan bölgede yaşayan etnik ve dini bir azınlık olan Rohingya Müslümanlarına Burma rejimi vatandaşlık vermemiştir. Ayrıca rejim, Rohingya Müslümanlarını Bengal’den gelen yasadışı göçmenler olarak tanımlamış ve onlara yönelik ihlallerin önünü açmıştır. Bu bağlamda vatandaşlık haklarından mahrum bırakılan Rohingya Müslümanları, uluslararası örgütler ve BM’nin raporlarına yansıyan zorla güç, zorla çalıştırma, işkence, cinsel şiddet ve tecavüz gibi çeşitli ihlallere uğramıştır. Bu ihlallerin en önemli nedenlerinin başında askeri cuntanın anti demokratik uygulamaları ve dini faktörler gelmektedir. Ancak bu nedenler Rohingya meselesinin teşhis edilmesinde yeterli değildir ve burada bir boşluğun doğduğu savunulabilir. Bu çalışmada Rohingya çatışmanın ekonomik, siyasi, kültürel ve sosyal nedenleri incelenerek, bu boşluğun giderilmesine katkı sağlanması amaçlanmıştır. 

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