Meryem AKHAN, Ömer ÇETİN, Hilal ÇOLAK, Enver Barış BİNGÖL, Hamparsun HAMPİKYAN

Perakende olarak satışa sunulan bebek mamalarında benzo(a)piren varlığı

Polisiklik aromatik hidrokarbon (PAH)lar, gıda ve çevre kontaminantları arasında yer alan, iki veya daha fazla aromatik halka içeren organik bileşikler içerisinde geniş bir gruptur. PAHlar, çevrede oldukça yaygın olarak bulunurlar ve bu bileşiklerin bazılarının karsinojenik ve mutajenik özellikleri kanıtlanmıştır. Bu bileşiklerden benzo(a)piren, en iyi bilinen PAH bileşiği olup, gıdalarda benzo(a)piren varlığı, karsinojenik PAH seviyeleri açısından iyi bir belirteç olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu çalışma, İstanbulda satışa sunulan bebek mamalarında benzo(a)piren mevcudiyetini araştırmak ve elde edilen sonuçları Türk Gıda Kodeksine göre değerlendirerek sağlık açısından risk taşıyıp taşımadığını belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu amaçla, İstanbuldaki çeşitli marketlerden temin edilen toplam 88 adet bebek maması (33 adet bebek formülü, 29 adet devam formülü, 26 adet bebek ve küçük çocuk ek gıdası) HPLC aracılığıyla benzo(a)piren mevcudiyeti açısından analiz edilmiştir. Bebek maması örneklerinin 51inde (%58,0) benzo(a)piren tespit edilemezken; 37 adet (%42,0) örnekte ise 0,05-0,81 μg/kg arasında değişen seviyelerde saptanmıştır. Örneklerde tespit edilen ortalama benzo(a)piren miktarları, bebek formüllerinde 0,14 μg/kg,devam formüllerinde 0,24 μg/kg ve bebek ve küçük çocuk ek gıdalarında ise 0,39 μg/kg olarak saptanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, analiz edilen örneklerdeki benzo(a)piren seviyelerinin Türk Gıda Kodeksinde bildirilen limit değerin (1,0 μg/kg) altında olduğu belirlenmiştir. Örneklerdeki benzo(a)piren miktarlarının yasal limitlere uygun olması tüketici sağlığı açısından olumlu bulunmuştur.

Presence of benzo(a)pyrene in baby foods sold in retail

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are a large group of organic compounds containing two or more aromaticrings and belonging to food and environment contaminants. PAHs have a widespread distribution in the environment and carcinogenicity and mutagenicity of some of these compounds have been proven. Benzo-a-pyrene is the most known member of the PAH and it is a good marker of ca rcinogenic PAH levels in food. This study was performed to investigate of benzo(a)pyrene presence in baby foods sold in Istanbul and to evaluate the obtained results according to Turkish Food Codex. For this purpose, a total of 88 baby food samples (33 infant formulas, 29 follow-on formulas, 26infant and young children foods) were obtained from different supermarkets in Istanbul and the presence of benzo(a)pyrene in the samples was analyzed by means of HPLC. While benzo(a)pyrene could not be detected in 51 (58.0%) baby food samples, it was determined in 37 (42.0%) samples ranging from 0.05 to 0.81 μg/kg. The mean benzo(a)pyrene levels determined in infant formulae, follow-on formulae and infant and young children food sampleswere 0. 14 μg/kg, 0.24 μg/kg and 0. 39 μg/kg, respectively. According to the obtained results, the levels of benzo(a)pyrene in analyzed samples did not exceeded the limit (1.0 μg/kg) set in Turkish Food Codex. This result was considered to be positive for consumer health.

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