Canine HIP dysplasia and it's treatment using the triple pelvic osteotomy (TPO) method

Kalça displazisi; genç köpeklerde femur başının luksasyonu ya da subluksasyonu, erişkin köpeklerde orta veya şiddetli eklem hastalığıyla seyreden kalça ekleminin gelişim bozukluğu ile karekterize bir Iezyondur. Kalça displazisi genç köpeklerde; çabuk yorulma, ayağa kalkarken zorlanma, tavşan gibi koşma, aralıklı ya da devamlı bir topallık belirtileriyle ortaya çıkar. Erişkin köpeklerde bu belirtilere ek olarak, ilerleyici eklem hastalığı nedeniyle; ağrı duyumu, kas atrofısi, sallantılı yürüyüş ve sürekli topallık gibi semptomlar, da katılır. Kalça displazilerinde doğru tanı; yaş, ırk, anamnez, fiziksel bulgular ve radyografık değişikliklerin birlikte ele alınmasıyla konur. Kalça displazisinin sağaltımında; hayvanın yaşına, ağırlığına, fiziksel ve radyolojik bulgulara ve hasta sahibinin ekonomik durumuna göre konservatif ya da operatif yöntemler kullanılmaktadır. Triple Pelvik Osteotomi (TPO), en az düzeyde radyolojik belirti gösteren dejeneratif eklem hastalığı ya da coxofemoral eklem subluksasyonu bulunan genç köpeklerin sağaltımı amacıyla kullanılan bir yöntemdir. Kalça displazisinin TPO ile sağaltımındaki amaç, bacağın fonksiyonunu geliştirmek ve dejeneratif eklem hastalığının ilerlemesini yavaşlatmak ya da durdurmaktır. TPO'da, pelvise cerrahi yaklaşım 3 farklı noktadan yapılır. Asetabulum'un aksiyal rotasyonu; pubis'e ostektomi, ilium ve ischii'ye yapılan osteotomiler ile sağlanır. Osteotomiyi takiben hayvanın yaşma ve displazinin derecesine bağlı olarak ilium'a 20°, 30° ya da 40° 'lik "Canine Pelvic Osteotomy" plakası (CPOP) yerleştirilir. TPO uygulamasını takiben, implant zayıflığı, pelvik kanal daralması, ischialic, pudendal ve obturator sinirlerin hasarı ve tarsal eklemin hiperekstensiyonu gibi komplikasyonlar görülebilir.

Köpeklerde kalça displazisi ve triple pelvik osteotomi (TPO) yöntemi ile sağaltımı

Hip dysplasia is a lesion characterised by the developmental disorder of the hip joint, manifesting itself in medium or severe joint disease in adult dogs and luxation or subluxation of the femoral head in young dogs. Hip dysplasia in young dogs manifests itself with signs of rapid exhaustion, difficulty in standing up, bunny-hopping and intermittent or persistent lameness. In adult dogs, in addition to these signs, symptoms such as pain, muscle atrophy, a swinging gait and persistent lameness are also observed due to advancing joint disease. Correct diagnosis in cases of hip dysplasia is made by taking into account such factors as age, breed, history, physical findings and radiographic changes. In the treatment of hip dysplasia, conservative or surgical methods are used depending on the age and bodyweight of the animal, the physical and radiological findings and the financial status of the patient owner. Triple Pelvic Osteotomy (TPO) is a method used for the treatment of young dogs suffering from either degenerative joint disease exhibiting a minimal level of radiological signs or those with subluxation of the coxofemoral joint. The aim of treating hip dysplasia with TPO is to develop the function of the leg and to delay or prevent the advance of degenerative joint disease. In Triple Pelvic Osteotomy, surgical approach to the pelvis is achieved from 3 points. The axial rotation of acetabulum is performed by pubic osteotomy, ilial osteotomy and ischial osteotomy. Following osteotomy, depending on the age of the animal and the degree of the dysplasia, a 20°, 30° or 40° "Canine Pelvic Osteotomy Plate" (CPOP) is placed on the ilium. Following TPO, complications such as implant weakness, narrowing of the pelvic canal, damage to the ischiadic, pudendal and obturator nerves and hyperextension of the tarsal joint may be encountered.

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