GAZ TÜRBİNLİ KOJENERASYON TESİSLERİNİN PERFORMANS ANALİZLERİ

Bu çalışmada, gaz türbinli kojenerasyon çevrimlerinin geliştirilmesinde kullanılan bazı yöntemler basit bir kojenerasyon çevrimi üzerinde uygulanmıştır. Bu yöntemler havanın ön ısıtılması, hava ve yakıtın ön ısıtılması ve giriş havasının evaporatif ve absorpsiyonlu soğutma ile soğutulmasıdır. Bu kojenerasyon sistemleri enerji verimi (enerji kullanım faktörü), ekserji verimi, elektrik ve ısı gücü, elektrik ısı enerjisi oranı, yapay termal verim ve yakıt enerjisi kazanım oranı yönünden değerlendirilmiş ve birbirleri ile karşılaştırılmışlardır. Bu analizlerde basınç oranı, hava-yakıt kütleleri oranı ve çevrimlerin kompresör giriş sıcaklıkları gibi termodinamik parametreler kullanılmıştır. Bu parametrelerin en çok etkili olanından en az etkili olanına göre, hava-yakıt kütleleri oranı, basınç oranı ve kompresör giriş sıcaklıkları şeklinde sıralandığı anlaşılmıştır. Ayrıca daha çok elektrik ve daha az ısıl güç yönünden en verimli çevrimin hava-yakıt ön ısıtmalı çevrim ve daha çok ısıl güç daha az elektrik gücü için basit çevrimin en uygun çevrim oldukları ortaya çıkarılmıştır.

PERFORMANCE ANALYSES OF GAS TURBINE COGENERATION PLANTS

In this study, some improving methods of gas turbine cogeneration cycles are applied on a simple cogenerationcycle. These methods are preheating air, preheating air and fuel, inlet air cooling by using evaporative cooling and absorptioncooling. These cogeneration systems are evaluated with respect to energy efficiency (energy utilization factor), exergeticefficiency, electric and heat power, electric-heat energy rate, artificial thermal efficiency and fuel energy saving ratio and arecompared with each other. In these analyses, the thermodynamic parameters such as compressing ratio, air and fuel mass ratioand compressor inlet temperatures of the cycles are used. It is concluded that these parameters can be listed from most effectiveto least effective as air fuel ratio, pressure ratio and compressor inlet temperature. It is also concluded that the most efficientcycle is found to be the air-fuel preheated cycle for obtaining more electric power and less heat power, and the simple cycleis the most suitable one for obtaining more heat power and less electric power.

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