Örgütlerde Bilgi Saklama Davranışı Ölçeğinin Türkçe’ye Uyarlama Çalışması

Bu çalışmada, Connelly ve arkadaşları (2012) tarafından geliştirilen Örgütlerde Bilgi Saklama Davranışı Ölçeğinin Türkçe’ye uyarlamasının yapılması, ölçeğin güvenilirlik ve geçerliliğinin sınanması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında tam zamanlı olarak bir örgütte çalışanlardan oluşan iki ayrı örneklem (hizmet sektörü çalışanı n1= 226 ve akademisyen n2= 310) kullanılmıştır. Analizler neticesinde ölçeğin üç boyutunun birinci örneklemdeki güvenilirlik değerlerinin 0,834-0,891 aralığında, ikinci örneklemde 0,833-0,890 aralığında olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ölçeğin üç faktörlü yapısı (kaçamak davranma, bilmezden gelme ve mantığa büründürme) ikinci örneklemde yapılan doğrulayıcı faktör analiziyle doğrulanmıştır. Ölçeğin ölçüt bağımlı geçerliliği, makyavelizm kavramıyla test edilmiştir. Tüm bulgular, Örgütlerde Bilgi Saklama Davranışı Ölçeğinin gelecekte yapılacak çalışmalarda güvenilir ve geçerli bir ölçüm aracı olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.

Adaptation of The Knowledge Hiding Behavior in Organizations Scale into Turkish

In this study, it was aimed to adapt the Knowledge Hiding Behavior in Organizations Scale developed by Connelly et al. (2012) into Turkish and to test its reliability and validity. Two different samples (service sector employee n1= 226 and academician n2= 310) consisting of full time working in an organization were used in the research. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the reliability values of the three dimensions of the scale in the first sample were between 0,834 and 0,891, and between 0,833 and 0,890 in the second sample. The three-factor structure of the scale (Evasive hiding, playing dumb and rationalized hiding) was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis performed in the second sample. The criterion-dependent validity of the scale was tested with Machiavellianism. All the findings showed that the Information Hiding Behavior Scale in Organizations can be used as a reliable and valid measurement tool in future studies.

___

  • Altınkaynak, F., & Tutar, S. (2019). The effect of personality characteristics of accounting professionals on knowledge hiding behavior. Journal of Current Research on Social Sciences, 9(4), 123-136.
  • Anand, P., & Hassan, Y. (2019). Knowledge hiding in organizations: Everything that managers need to know. Development and Learning in Organizations: An International Journal, 33(6), 12-15.
  • Anaza, N. A., & Nowlin, E. L. (2017). What’s mine is mine: A study of salesperson knowledge withholding & hoarding behavior. Industrial Marketing Management, 64, 14-24.
  • Arain, G. A., Bhatti, Z. A., Ashraf, N., & Fang, Y. H. (2020). Top-down knowledge hiding in organizations: An empirical study of the consequences of supervisor knowledge hiding among local and foreign workers in the Middle East. Journal of Business Ethics, 164(3), 611-625.
  • Babič, K., Černe, M., Connelly, C. E., Dysvik, A., & Škerlavaj, M. (2019). Are we in this together? Knowledge hiding in teams, collective prosocial motivation and leader-member exchange. Journal of Knowledge Management, 23(8), 1502-1522.
  • Bartol, K., & Srivastava, A. (2002). Encouraging knowledge sharing: The role of organizational reward systems. Journal of Leadership and Organization Studies, 19, 64-76.
  • Belschak, Frank D., Deanne N. Den Hartog, & Annebel H. B. De Hoogh. (2018). Angels and demons: The effect of ethical leadership on machiavellian employees’ work behaviors. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness-People and Performance, 5, 278-288.
  • Blau, P. M. (1964) Justice in Social Exchange. Sociological Inquiry, 34, 193-206.
  • Bock, G. W., Zmud, R. W., Kim, Y. G., & Lee, J. N. (2005). Behavioral intention formation in knowledge sharing: Examining the roles of extrinsic motivators, social-psychological forces & organizational climate. MIS Quarterly, 29, 87-112.
  • Boz Semerci, A. (2019). Examination of knowledge hiding with conflict, competition and personal values. International Journal of Conflict Management, 30(1), 111-131.
  • Brislin, R. W., Lonner, W. J., & Thorndike, R. M. (1973). Cross-cultural research methods (Vol. 11). New York: John Wiley ve Sons.
  • Butt, A., & Ahmad, A. (2019). Are there any antecedents of top-down knowledge hiding in firms? Evidence from the United Arab Emirates. Journal of Knowledge Management, 23(8), 1605-1627.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2007). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı, 8.Baskı, Ankara: Pegem Yayıncılık
  • Campbell, W. K., Bush, C.P., Brunell ve A. B., Shelton, J. (2005). Understanding the social costs of narcissism: the case of the tragedy of the commons. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 31, 1358-1368.
  • Černe, M., Nerstad, C. G., Dysvik, A., & Škerlavaj, M. (2014). What goes around comes around: Knowledge hiding, perceived motivational climate, and creativity. Academy of Management Journal, 57(1), 172-192.
  • Chatterjee, S., Chaudhuri, R., Thrassou, A., & Vrontis, D. (20021). Antecedents and consequences of knowledge hiding: The Moderating role of knowledge hiders and knowledge seekers in organizations. Journal of Business Research, 128, 303-313.
  • Chawla, R., & Gupta, V. (2019). Relationship of individual and organizational factors with knowledge hiding in it organization. IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review, 7(2), 209-216.
  • Christie, R., & Geis, F. L. (1970). Studies in Machiavellianism. New York: Academic Press.
  • Colquitt, J. A., Conlon, D. E., Wesson, M. J., Porter, C. O., & Ng, K. Y. (2001). Justice at the millennium: a meta-analytic review of 25 years of organizational justice research. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 425.
  • Connelly, C. E., & Zweig, D. (2015). How perpetrators and targets construe knowledge hiding in organizations. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 24(3), 479-489.
  • Connelly, C. E., Zweig, D., Webster, J., & Trougakos, J. P. (2012). Knowledge hiding in organizations. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33(1), 64-88.
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G., & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012), Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik: Spss ve Lisrel uygulamaları. 2. Baskı. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Demirkasımoğlu, N. (2015). Knowledge hiding in academia: Is personality a key factor? International Journal of Higher Education, 5(1), 128-140.
  • Erkutlu, H., & Chafra, J. (2021). Leader moral disengagement and follower knowledge hiding. A moderated mediation model of follower Machiavellianism and trust in the leader. Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEAS-05-2020-0060
  • Fauzi, M. A. (2022). Knowledge hiding behavior in higher education institutions: a scientometric analysis and systematic literature review approach. Journal of Knowledge Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-07-2021-0527
  • Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50.
  • Ghobadi, S. (2015). What drives knowledge sharing in software development teams: A literature review and classification framework. Information & Management, 52(1), 82–97.
  • Glenn, A. L., & Raine, A. (2009). Psychopathy and instrumental aggression: Evolutionary, neurobiological, and legal perspectives. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 32(4), 253-258.
  • Gouldner, A. W. (1960). The Norm of Reciprocity: A preliminary statement, American Sociological Review 25, 161-178.
  • Gunnthorsdottir, A., McCabe, K., & Smith, V. (2002). Using the Machiavellianism instrument to predict trustworthiness in a bargaining game. Journal of Economic Psychology, 23(1), 49-66.
  • Harrison, A., Summers, J., & Mennecke, B. (2016). The effects of the dark triad on unethical behavior. Journal of Business Ethics, 153, 53-77.
  • Hernaus, T., Cerne, M., Connelly, C., Vokic, N. P., & Škerlavaj, M. (2018). Evasive knowledge hiding in academia: when competitive individuals are asked to collaborate. Journal of Knowledge Management, 23(4), 597-618.
  • Huo, W., Cai, Z., Luo, J., Men, C., & Jia, R. (2016). Antecedents and intervention mechanisms: a multi-level study of R&D team’s knowledge hiding behavior. Journal of Knowledge Management, 20(5), 880-897.
  • Hutter, K., Füller, J., Hautz, J., Bilgram, V., & Matzler, K. (2015). Machiavellianism or morality: Which behavior pays off in online innovation contests? Journal of Management Information Systems, 32(3), 197-228.
  • Iqbal, M. S., Ishaq, M. A., Akram, A., & Habibah, U. (2020). Personality traits predicting knowledge hiding behaviour: Empirical evidence from academic institutions of Pakistan. Business Information Review, 37(4), 154-166.
  • Jahanzeb, S., Fatima, T., Bouckenooghe, D., & Bashir, F. (2019). The knowledge hiding link: A moderated mediation model of how abusive supervision affects employee creativity. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 28(6), 810-819.
  • Jha, J. K., & Varkkey, B. (2018). Are you a cistern or a channel? Exploring factors triggering knowledge-hiding behavior at the workplace: Evidence from the Indian R&D professionals. Journal of Knowledge Management, 22, 824-49.
  • Jonason, P. K., & Middleton, J. P. (2015). Dark Triad: The "Dark Side" of Human Personality, In: James D. Wright (editor-in-chief), International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 2nd edition, Vol 5. Oxford: Elsevier, 671-675.
  • Jones, D. N., & Paulhus, D. L. (2011). The role of impulsivity in the Dark Triad of personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 51(5), 679-682.
  • Karakuş, G., & Akçakanat, T. (2021). İnsanlar neden bilgi saklar? Örgütlerde bilgi saklama davranışı üzerine bir inceleme. Turkish Studies-Social, 16(3), 1081-1102.
  • Karim, D. N. (2020). Effect of dark personalities on knowledge hiding behaviour at higher education institutions. Journal of Information & Knowledge Management, 19(04), 2050031.
  • Kessler, S. R., Bandelli, A. C., Spector, P. E., Borman, W. C., Nelson, C. E., & Penney, L. M. (2010). Re-examining Machiavelli: A three‐dimensional model of Machiavellianism in the workplace. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 40(8), 1868-1896.
  • King, W. R. (2011). Knowledge sharing. In Encyclopedia of Knowledge Management, Second Edition (ss. 914-923). IGI Global.
  • Lanke, P. (2018). Knowledge hiding: impact of interpersonal behavior and expertise. Human Resource Management International Digest, 26 (2), 30-32.
  • Lee, J. (2018). The effects of knowledge sharing on individual creativity in higher education institutions: Socio-technical view. Administrative Sciences 8(2), 21.
  • Liu, F., Lu, Y., & Wang, P. (2020). Why knowledge sharing in scientific research teams is difficult to sustain: An interpretation from the interactive perspective of knowledge hiding behavior. Frontiers in Psychology, 2756.
  • Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric Theory. 3rd Edition, New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc.
  • O'Neill, B. S., & Adya, M. (2007). Knowledge sharing and the psychological contract: Managing knowledge workers across different stages of employment. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22(4), 411-436.
  • Özsoy, E., & Ardıç, K. (2017). Karanlık Üçlü’nün (narsisizm, makyavelizm ve psikopati) ı̇ş tatminine etkisinin incelenmesi. Yönetim ve Ekonomi, 24 (2), 391-406.
  • Paal, T., & Bereczkei, T. (2007). Adult theory of mind, cooperation, Machiavellianism: The effect of mindreading on social relations. Personality and Individual Differences, 43(3), 541-551.
  • Pan, W., Zhang, Q., Teo, T. S. H., & Lim, V. K. G. (2018). The dark triad and knowledge hiding. International Journal of Information Management, 42, 36-48.
  • Pan, W., Zhou, Y., & Zhang, Q. (2016). Does darker hide more knowledge? The relationship between machiavellianism and knowledge hiding. International Journal of Security and Its Applications, 10(11), 281-292.
  • Park, J. G., & Lee, J. (2014). Knowledge sharing in information systems development projects: Explicating the role of dependence and trust. International Journal of Project Management, 32(1), 153-165.
  • Paulhus, D. L., & Williams, K. M. (2002). The dark triad of personality: Narcissism, machiavellianism, and psychopathy. Journal of Research in Personality, 36(6), 556-563.
  • Peng, H. (2013). Why and when do people hide knowledge? Journal of Knowledge Management, 17(3), 398-415.
  • Pierce, J. L., Kostova, T., & Dirks, K. T. (2001). Toward a theory of psychological ownership in organizations. The Academy of Management Review, 26(2), 298-310.
  • Pillai, S., & Muncherji, N. (2019). Knowledge Hiding & Machiavellianism: An Empirical Analysis. Amity Journal of Management Research, 4 (1), 61-73.
  • Rezwan, R. B., & Takahashi, Y. (2021). The psychology behind knowledge hiding in an organization. Administrative Sciences, 11(2), 57.
  • Ruparel, N., & Choubisa, R. (2020). Knowledge hiding in organizations: A retrospective narrative review and the way forward. Dynamic Relationships Management Journal, 9(1), 5-22.
  • Serenko, A., & Choo, C. W. (2020). Knowledge sabotage as an extreme form of counterproductive knowledge behavior: the role of narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and competitiveness. Journal of Knowledge Management, 24(9), 2299-2325.
  • Škerlavaj, M., Connelly, C. E., Cerne, M., & Dysvik, A. (2018). Tell me if you can: time pressure, prosocial motivation, perspective taking, and knowledge hiding. Journal of Knowledge Management, 22(7), 1489-1509.
  • Sperber, A. D., Devellis, R. F., & Boehlecke, B. (1994). Cross-cultural translation: methodology and validation. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 25(4), 501-524.
  • Susanto, H., Suryani, E., Astiarani, Y., & Kurniawan, F. (2021). Relationship between narcissism, self-esteem, and social media addiction in preclinical medical students. Althea Medical Journal, 8(1), 50-55.
  • Wang, P., Zhu, F. W., Song, H. Y., Hou, J. H., & Zhang, J. L. (2018). Visualizing the academic discipline of knowledge management. Sustainability, 10(3), 682.
  • Wang, S., & Noe, R.A. (2010). Knowledge Sharing: A Review and Directions for Future Research. Human Resource Management Review, 20(2), 115-131.
  • Witherspoon, C. L., Bergner, J., Cockrell, C., & Stone, D. N. (2013). Antecedents of organizational knowledge sharing: a meta‐analysis and critique. Journal of Knowledge Management, 17(2), 250-277.
  • Yuan, Y., Yang, L., Cheng, X., & Wei, J. (2020). What is bullying hiding? Exploring antecedents and potential dimension of knowledge hiding. Journal of Knowledge Management, 25(5), 1146-1169.
  • Zhang, Z., & Min, M. (2019). The negative consequences of knowledge hiding in NPD project teams: The roles of project work attributes. International Journal of Project Management, 37(2), 225-238.