Çeşitli evsel atıkların Aureobasidium pullulans tarafından melanin sentezinde kullanılması

Gıda atıklarının, tarladan sofraya tüm gıda zincirinde ortaya çıktığı ve dünya genelinde büyük sorun oluşturduğu bilinmektedir. Türkiye’de yaklaşık olarak 45 bin ton soğan kabuğu ve 550 bin ton ekmek atık olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Patates, elma ve armutun tarladaki atıkları ise yıllık yaklaşık sırasıyla; 455 bin, 122 bin ve 27 bin tondur. Yalnızca Ankara’da meydana çıkan yıllık toplam mutfak atığının yaklaşık 5.35 megaton olduğu da bilinmektedir. Geleneksel atık bertaraf yöntemlerinin çevresel, ekonomik ve sosyal sorunlara neden olduğu, bu nedenle de gıda atıklarının katma değeri yüksek biyoteknolojik ürünlere dönüştürülmelerinin daha sürdürülebilir, küresel ihtiyacı karşılamaya yönelik ve kârlı olduğu da ortadadır. Bu çalışmada katma değeri yüksek bir pigment olan melaninin fermantasyon yolu ile üretimi için, soğan, patates, elma, armut ve havuç kabukları ile ekmek artıklarının potansiyel kullanımı araştırılmıştır. Fermantasyon çalışmalarında inokulum olarak ayrı ayrı yerli bir suş olan Aureobasidium pullulans AZ-6 ile A. pullulans NBRC 100716 suşu kullanılmıştır. Çalışmadaki gıda atıklarından en yüksek toplam melanin üretimi (3.71 g/L) A. pullulans NBRC 100716 tarafından havuç kabuğu özütü ile gerçekleşmiş, elma kabuğu özütü ile de buna yakın bir sonuç (3.28 g/L) elde edilmiştir. Bu çalışma ile havuç ve elma kabuklarının melanin üretimi için önemli substrat kaynakları olabilecekleri ortaya konmuştur.

The use of various household wastes in the synthesis of melanin by Aureobasidium pullulans

It is known that food wastes occur in the entire food chain from farm to fork and pose a major problem worldwide. In Turkey, approximately 45 thousand tons of onion peel and 550 thousand tons of bread emerge as waste. On the other hand, the wastes of potato, apple, and pear in the field are approximately 455 thousand, 122 thousand, and 27 thousand tons per year, respectively. It is also known that the annual total kitchen waste generated only in Ankara is approximately 5.35 megatons. It is also obvious that traditional waste disposal methods cause environmental, economic, and social problems, and therefore, the conversion of food waste into biotechnological products with high added value is more sustainable, oriented to meet global needs, and is profitable. In this study, the potential use of onion, potato, apple, pear, and carrot peels, and bread residues for the production of melanin, a high-value-added pigment, by fermentation was investigated. In the fermentation studies, a native strain Aureobasidium pullulans AZ-6 and A. pullulans NBRC 100716 strain were used separately as inoculum. The highest total melanin production (3.71 g/L) from the food wastes in the study was achieved by A. pullulans NBRC 100716 with carrot peel extract, and a similar result (3.28 g/L) was obtained with apple peel extract. This study revealed that carrot and apple peels can be important substrate sources for melanin production.

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International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology-Cover
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 3 Sayı
  • Başlangıç: 2018
  • Yayıncı: International Society of Academicians
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Çeşitli evsel atıkların Aureobasidium pullulans tarafından melanin sentezinde kullanılması

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