3D Baskı Teknolojisinin Çevre ve Ekonomi Bağlamında Kitlesel Özelleştirme ve Tedarik Zinciri Üzerindeki Yıkıcı Doğası

Günümüz üretim paradigması, üretim süreçlerinin ve araçlarının standart hale getirildiği, uzmanlığın pek dikkate alınmadığı, aynı ürünlerin partiler halinde ya da kitlesel olarak küçük çeşitler halinde üretildiği seri üretim ile şekillenmektedir. Belirli merkezlerdeki fabrikalarda üretim yapılmakta ve üretilen ürünler çoğu zaman tüm dünyaya dağıtılmaktadır. Ürünlerin üretim öncesi aşamadan başlayarak nihai tüketiciye ulaştırılması aşamaları ile çok etmenli bir tedarik zinciri ağına ve tedarik zinciri yönetimine ihtiyaç vardır. Tek bir merkezden ürün üreterek karmaşık bir tedarik zinciri ağına duyulan ihtiyacın artık ekonomik ve çevre dostu olmadığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Son yıllarda tüketiciler satın aldıkları ürünlerin zararlı etkilerini düşünmeye başladılar. Değişen müşteri ihtiyaç ve talepleri de firmaları kitlesel bireyselleştirme üretim modelini düşünmeye sevk etmiştir. Son zamanlarda, eklemeli imalat teknolojisi olarak da adlandırılan üç boyutlu baskı teknolojileri, yeni bir üretim teknolojisi olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu yıkıcı teknoloji ile üretim modelleri ve tedarik zinciri ağları değişime ve dönüşüme tabidir. Bu çalışmada, 3D baskı teknolojisinin çevresel ve ekonomik faydaları, kitlesel bireyselleştirme üretim modeli ve tedarik zincirleri bağlamında analiz edilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

3D baskı, Kitlesel Bireyselleştirme, Tedarik Zinciri Yönetimi, Çevre, Ekoloji

The Disruptive Nature of 3D Printing Technology on Mass Customization and Supply Chain In The Context of Environment and Economy

Today's production paradigm is shaped by mass production, where production processes and tools are standardized, expertise is not taken much into account, and the same products are produced either in batches or massively in small varieties. Production is carried out in factories in certain centers, and the products produced are often distributed all over the world. There is a need for a multi-agent supply chain network and supply chain management with the stages of delivering the products to the final consumer, starting from the pre-production stage. It has become clear that the need for a complex supply chain network by producing products from a single center is no longer economical and environmentally friendly. In recent years, consumers have started to think about the harmful effects of the products they buy. Changing customer needs and demands have also made companies consider the mass customization production model. Recently, three-dimensional printing technologies, also defined as additive manufacturing technology, have emerged as a new production technology. With this disruptive technology, production models and supply chain networks are subject to change and transformation. In this study, the environmental and economic benefits of 3D printing technology are analyzed in the context of mass customization production model and supply chains.

Keywords:

3D printing, Mass Customization, Supply Chain Management, Environment, Ecology,

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