ELEAZAR B. YOSE HA-GALİLİ VE OTUZ İKİ YORUM KURALI

Midda kelimesinin çoğulu middot olup, Yahudilikte kutsal metinlerin yorumlanması, bu metinlerden hukuki çıkarımlarda bulunulması için oluşturulmuş yorum kurallarına verilen isimdir. Bu kurallar bir liste halinde ilk olarak Rabbi Hillel’e izafe edilen 7 yorum kuralı olarak karşımıza çıkar. Daha sonra miladi 1-2. Asırlarda yaşamış olan Rabbi Yişmael’e izafe edilen 13 yorum kuralı Hillel’in kurallarının genişletilmiş ve geliştirilmiş biçimidir. Çalışmamızın konusu olan Rabbi Eliezer b. Yose ha-Galili’nin 32 yorum kuralı ise bu sürecin üçüncü adımını oluşturmaktadır. Ayrıca Hillel ve Yişmael’in yorum kurallarından farklı olarak Yose ha-Galili’nin 32 yorum kuralı dini metinlerden hüküm çıkarma gayesi dışında rivayet özellikli metinlerin yorumu için de kullanılmıştır.

ELEAZAR B. YOSE HA-GALILI AND THIRTY TWO HERMENEUTIC RULES

The plural form of the word Midda is middot and is the name given to the rules of interpretation created for the interpretation of sacred texts in Judaism and for legal inferences from these texts. These rules appear as a list of 7 rules of interpretation that were first attributed to Rabbi Hillel. Then, the 13 interpretation rules attributed to Rabbi Yishmael, who lived in the 1-2. centuries AD are the extended and improved form of Hillel's rules. The subject of our study is Rabbi Eliezer b. Yose ha-Galili's 32 interpretation rules constitute the third step of this process. In addition to the interpretation rules of Hillel and Yishmael, 32 interpretation rules of Yose ha-Galili were also used for the interpretation of narrative texts except for the purpose of making judgments from religious texts.

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