Hayriye ÜNLÜ, Ayişe KARADAĞ, Lale TAŞKIN, Füsun TERZİOĞLU

ONKOLOJİ ALANINDA ÇALIŞAN HEMŞİRELERİN YERİNE GETİRDİKLERİ ROL VE İŞLEVLER

Amaç: Kanser tüm dünyada olduğu gibi ülkemizde de önemli bir ölüm nedenidir. Kanser insidansının artması onkoloji hemşireliğinin gelişimini de etkilemiştir. Bu araştırma onkoloji alanında çalışan hemşirelerin eğitim, araştırma ve bakıma ilişkin yerine getirdikleri rol ve işlevleri belirlemek amacıyla tanımlayıcı olarak yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Araştırma kapsamına 93 hastanenin onkoloji kliniklerinde çalışanhemşireler alınmıştır. Anket formları posta ile gönderilmiş 38 hastaneden458 anket formu doldurulmuş olarak geri dönmüştür. Bulgular: Araştırma kapsamına alınan hemşirelerin onkolojide çalışma yılıortalaması 4.95, haftalık çalışma saati ortalaması ise 44.38’dir. Hemşirelerin günlük kemoterapi hazırlama ortalaması 8.10, günlük kemoterapi uygulama ortalaması 7.55’dir. Çalışmada kurumların hemşirelerden erken tanı vetedaviye ilişkin eğitim beklentisi %78.4 , araştırma beklentisi olmadığı %76.2 , hemşirelerin araştırmada yer alma oranlarının düşük olduğu %91.5 , yapılan araştırmaların çoğunlukla desteklenmediği 67.5 saptanmıştır. Hemşirelerin bakıma ilişkin en çok yaptıkları uygulamalar; vital bulguların takibi %44.4 , enfeksiyonun önlenmesine yönelik aktiviteler %43.3 , psikolojik destek verme %41 , mobilize etme %30.9 , boşaltımın sağlanmasında hekim istemi ile yapılan müdahaleler %30.4 ve oksijen vermedir %29.9 . Hemşirelerin en az yerine getirdikleri işlev ise cinsel yaşamınınsürdürülmesine ilişkin hastanın bilgilendirilmesidir. Hemşireler, rol ve işlevlerini yerine getirmelerini engelleyen durumları sırası ile hasta sayısının fazlalığı, fiziksel ortamın uygun olmaması, araç- gereç yetersizliği, zaman yetersizliği, bilgi, deneyim eksikliği, ekip çalışmasının olmaması ve kurumun beklentisinin olmaması olarak ifade etmişlerdir. Sonuç: Türkiye’de, onkoloji hemşireliğinin geliştirilmesi için öncelikli olarak ulusal gereksinimleri karşılayan ve uluslararası standartlara uygun sertifika programlarının başlatılması ve bu doğrultuda kanser hemşireliğiningörev tanımlarının yapılmasıdır

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Onkoloji hemşireliği, bakım, rol ve işlevler

Aim: Cancer is an important death cause in the world as well as in Turkey. The growth in the incidence of cancer has also affected the development of oncology nursing. This descriptive research was done to determine roles and functions related to teaching, research and care which carried by oncology nurses. Methods: The research includes the nurses working in the oncology clinics of 93 hospitals. Questionnaires were sent by mail, of which 458 have returned from 38 hospitals. Results: Nurses’ mean clinical working duration was 4.95 years, while the mean weekly working duration was 44.38 hours. The mean number of chemotherapy preparation was 8.10 and the mean number of chemotherapy application was 7.55 in a day. It was found that hospitals didn’t expect nurses to have training regarding early diagnosis and treatment 78.4 % , and to do any research 76.2% . The percentage of nurses who involved in a research was low 91.5% , additionally, hospitals didn’t give any support when nurses conducted research 67.5% . The most common interventions related to care by carried out by nurses were taking vital signs 44.4% , activities towards the prevention of infection 43.3% , psychological support 41% , helping patient mobilization 30.9% , helping urinary and bowel elimination with physician order 30.4% , and oxygen administration 29.9% . Nurses were less interested in to give patients’ information on their sexual life continuity. Nurses said there were a number of factors that prevented them from carrying out their roles and functions: an excessive number of patients, inconvenience of the physical environment, lack of equipment, time, knowledge, experience, team work and organizational expectations. Conclusion: For the improvement of oncology nursing, in Turkey, it is essential that certificate programmes be initiated which can satisfy the national requirements and are in accordance with the international standards and by the same token, occupations definitions of oncology nurses’ be made.

Keywords:

Oncology nursing, care, role and function,

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