THE CONCEPT OF “PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT” IN ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION PROCESS AND A LITERATURE REVIEW ON PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT

Geleneksel toplumlardan modern toplumlara doğru gerçekleşen değişim ve gelişim sosyal yapıyı da etkileyerek dönüştürmüştür. Değişime bağlı olarak örgüt yapıları ve istihdam ilişkileri, çalışan ve işveren beklentileri, yükümlülükleri de farklılaşmıştır. Örgüt yönetiminde yazılı olarak yer almayan, tarafların algılarına dayanan psikolojik sözleşme kavramı son yıllarda çalışanlar ve işverenler için önem kazanmış ve örgüt başarısı için temel dayanaklardan birisi olmuştur. Psikolojik sözleşme örgüt içinde bireylerin zihinlerinde oluşturdukları bir sözleşme olarak kişilerin birbirlerinden beklentilerini ve birbirlerine karşı yükümlülüklerini de ortaya koymaktadır. Psikolojik sözleşmeler işlemsel ve ilişkisel olarak iki ayrı türde değerlendirilebilmektedir. Sözleşme türleri sözleşmelerin yapısal farklılıklarını da yansıtmaktadır. Psikolojik sözleşme kavramına dayanak hazırlayan kuramlar psikolojik sözleşmelerde karşılıklılık ve eşitlik sağlanamadığında sözleşme ihlalinin gerçekleşebileceğini de ortaya koymaktadır. Psikolojik sözleşme ihlali örgüt içinde çalışan performansını düşürmekte ve örgüt amaçlarına ulaşılmasını zorlaştırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada psikolojik sözleşme kavramının ortaya çıkışına temel hazırlayan koşullar ve kuramlar incelenmiş, psikolojik sözleşme kavramı, psikolojik sözleşme türleri ve psikolojik sözleşme ihlali incelenmiştir. Çalışmada psikolojik sözleşme ile ilgili yapılan akademik araştırmalardan örnekler de sunulmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı konu ile ilgili bir literatür araştırması gerçekleştirerek teorik bilgiler sunmaktır. Psikolojik sözleşme konusu ile ilgili dünyada gerçekleştirilmiş araştırmalardan da örneklerin sunulduğu çalışmanın konu ile ilgili yapılacak araştırmalara katkı sağlayacağını ifade etmek mümkündür.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Örgüt, Psikolojik Sözleşme, Sözleşme Türleri, Sözleşme İhlali, Organization, Psychological Contract, Contract Types, Breach of Contract

THE CONCEPT OF “PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT” IN ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION PROCESS AND A LITERATURE REVIEW ON PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT

Actual change and improvement, change from traditional society to today’s modern society affect the social structure. Depending on a variation the expectations of the employees and the employers altered and varied. Psychological contract, contract type as parol and based on the party’s perceptions came into prominence employees and employers in recent years, and became one of the main support for the community success. Physiological contract is a contract type as the individuals create mentally, reveals expectations and individual’s liabilities to each other. Physiological contracts are evaluated in two different types as operational and relationally. Contract types reflect the structural differences of the contracts. The theories, which provide basis to reveal physiological contract, indicate that the infringement of contract may be actualized as long as equality can not be ensured in physiological contracts in mutual contracts. Breach physiological contract lowers employee performance in community, and being a complicated factor for the community to reach their goals. The conditions and theories that led to reveal physiological contract concept is examined, and the definition of physiological contract law in community literature is propounded in this research. The aim of this study is to present theoretical information by conducting a systematic literature research on the subject and to examine the results by presenting examples from the world's research on psychological contract and its violation. It is possible to state that the study in which examples from the researches carried out in the world on the subject of psychological contract are presented, will contribute to the researches to be conducted on the subject.

Keywords:

Organization, Psychological Contract, Contract Types, Breach of Contract,

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