Koroner Arter Hastalığı Olan Köpeklerde Hipertansiyonun İnflamatuarEtkisinin Ekokardiyografi ile Değerlendirilmesi

Bu çalışma; koroner arter hastalığı (KAH) bulunan köpeklerde hipertansiyonun oluşturduğu (HT) inflamatuvar süreci üzerine olası etkilerini belirlemek üzere yapılmıştır. Ankara ilindeki özel pet kliniklerine gelen, farklı yaş, kilo, cins veırklardaki toplam 25 köpek üzerinde yürütüldü. Hayvanlara elektrokardiyografi, tansiyon, telegrafi, tam kan ve C- reaktif protein (CRP) ölçümleri yapıldı. Ekokardiyografilerinde ise 2D, M-mod, ve renkli Doppler ekokardiyografi yöntemleri kullanılarak, sol ventrikül sistol ve diyastol çapları, ventrikül duvar kalınlıkları, ventrikül duvar hareketlerindeki anormallikler ile kapak patolojileri değerlendirildi. Hayvanların ekokardiyografilerinde sol ventrikül konsantrik hipertrofi (LVH) ve diastolik diskfonksiyonu tespit edildi. Ayrıca; Ekokardiyografide Mitral kapak tutulumları ile kapakçıklar üzerinde anüler kalsifikasyon izlendi. İnterventriküler septum kalınlığında önemli ölçüdeki artışlarla beraber sol ventrikül arka duvar kalınlığında bir artış belirlendi. Bununla birlikte; yüksek olan CRP ve kolestrol değerlerinde ise anlamlı bir artış belirlendi. Yapılan rutin ekokardiyografilerde parasternal uzun eksende M mode tekniği ile sol ventrikül diastolik ve sistolik çapları (cm), interventriküler septum çapı (cm), posterior duvar kalınlığı (cm), ejeksiyon fraksiyon (%), fraksiyon kısalma (%), aort çapı (cm) ve sol atriyum(cm) ölçüldü. Parasternal kısa eksende mitral kapağın yapısı, segmenter duvar hareket bozukluğu, pulmoner arter çapı ve pulmoner kapak değerlendirildi. Apikal boşluklarda 2,3,4 ve 5 boşlukları atriyoventriküler kapakları (mitral-triküspit kapak) ve semilunar kapak (aort kapak) değerlendirildi. İnflamasyonun sürecinin artışı, damarlarda oluşan kolestrol plaklarını da tetikleyebileceği ya/ya da daha fazla pıhtı yaratabileceği şeklindedir. Hipertansiyonun kardiyovasküler hastalıklar için önemli risk faktörlerinden hem morbidite hem de mortaliteyi önemli ölçüde arttırdığı şeklinde düşünülmektedir. Bütün bu değerlendirmelerimiz de ekokardiyografi, sol ventrikül hipertansiyonun tanısında elektrokardiyografinin yanı sıra vazgeçilemez bir tanı yöntemi olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır.

Evaluation of Inflammatory Effect of Hypertension by Echocardiography in Dogs with Coronary Artery Disease

The present investigation was performed to determine the possible effects of hypertension-induced (HT)inflammatory process in dogs with coronary artery disease (CAD). It was carried out on 25 dogs of different ages, weights,and breeds coming to private clinics in Ankara. Electrocardiography, Blood Pressure, Telegraphy, whole blood, and C Reactive protein (CRP) measurements were performed on the animals. In the echocardiography, 2D, M-Mode, and colordoppler methods were used to evaluate left ventricular systole and diastole diameters, ventricular wall thicknessabnormalities in ventricular wall movement, and valve pathologies. Left ventricular concentric hypertrophy (LVH) anddiastolic dysfunction were detected in echocardiographies of animals. In echocardiography anular calcification wasobserved on the valves and mitral valve involvement also. However, an increase in left ventricular posterior wall thicknesswas determined and significant increases in ventricular septum thickness. Although high increase CRP and cholesterolvalues were determined. The routine echocardiography, left ventricular diastolic and systolic diameters (cm),interventricular septum diameter (cm), posterior wall thickness (cm), ejection fraction(%), fraction shortening(%), aorticdiameter (cm), and the left atrium (cm) with M mode technique on long axis were measured. The structure of the mitralvalve, segmental wall motion disorder, pulmonary artery diameter, and pulmonary valve were evaluated in the parasternalshort axis. Atrioventricular valves (mitral-tricuspid valve) and half-moon valve (aortic valve) in the apical 2,3,4, and 5 spaceswere evaluated. The increase of the inflammation process is that it may also trigger cholesterol plaques formed in thevessels and / or create more clots. It is thought that hypertension significantly increases both morbidity and mortality,which are important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. In addition to the defined electrocardiography of leftventricular hypertension, echocardiography appears as an indispensable diagnostic method.

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