Yüsra İNCİ, Ali Volkan BİLGİLİ, Recep GÜNDOĞAN, Yusuf Kagan KADIOĞLU

Türkiye’nin Şanlıurfa ilinde farklı ana materyaller üzerinde oluşan toprakların toplam element konsantrasyonlarının belirlenmesinde XRF ve ICP-OES yöntemlerinin karşılaştırılması

Toprak değişiminin doğru, hızlı ve ekonomik olarak tespit edilebilmesi için geleneksel yöntemlere alternatif olarak farklı enstrümantal yöntemlerin kullanılması önemli bir konu haline gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada Şanlıurfa’da dört yaygın ana materyal (Çamur akıntısı, Bazalt, Kireçtaşı ve Marn) üzerinde oluşan toprakların profilleri tanımlanmış, horizon esasına göre alınmış bu profillerin yüzey horizonları ve çevresindeki işlenmiş ve işlenmemiş arazilerin yüzey örnekleri enstrümantal (ICP, XRF) teknikler kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Farklı ana materyaller üzerinde oluşan toprakların toplam element (Si, Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, K, P, Mn, Cr) konsantrasyonlarını ölçmek için her iki yöntem de kullanılmış ve çeşitli ana materyallerin ve toprak işleme uygulamalarının sonuçlar üzerindeki etkisi ANOVA ve Tukey’s analizleri ile değerlendirilmiştir. Farklı ana materyale bağlı olarak, topraklardaki SiO2, CaO, AlO2 ve MgO oranları en yüksek bulunmuştur. Her iki teknikle belirlenen toplam oksit değerleri SiO2 hariç birbirine yakın olmakla birlikte istatistiksel olarak farklı çıkmıştır. Farklı ana materyaller üzerinde oluşan topraklar arasında incelenen elementlerin ortalama toplam oksit değerleri arasındaki farklılıklar istatistiksel olarak önemli bulunmuşken (p <0.05), toprak işlemenin toplam oksitler üzerindeki etkisi sadece XRF tekniği ile elde edilen sonuçlardan elde edilmiştir (p <0.05). Toprak işleme durumunun diğer elementler üzerindeki etkileri MgO hariç istatistiksel olarak önemsiz bulunmuştur (p>0.05). ICP tekniği ile elde edilen yüzde SiO2 değerleri, XRF tekniği ile elde edilen değerlere göre oldukça düşük bulunmuştur. Genel olarak, elde edilen toplam elementer oksit değerleri açısından XRF yöntemi, daha doğru sonuçlar vermesi ve daha az toprak örneği gerektirmesi nedeniyle ICP tekniğine göre daha avantajlı bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Toprak, toplam oksitler, toprak işleme, XRF, ICP

Comparision of XRF and ICP-OES methods to determine total element concentrations of soils formed on different parent materials in the Sanliurfa province of Turkey

The use of different instrumental methods as an alternative to traditional methods has become an important issue in order to detect soil change accurately, quickly and economically. In this study, soil profiles formed over four common parent materials (Mudflow, Basalt, Limestone and Marl) in Sanliurfa province of Turkey were described. Soil samples were collected from each horizon, in addition, surface soil samples (0-20 cm) of cultivated and uncultivated lands around the soil profiles were collected. Soil samples were analyzed using instrumental (ICP, XRF) techniques to determine total element (Si, Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, K, P, Mn, Cr) concentrations as oxides, and assess the impact of parent materials and tillage (cultivated vs uncultivated) on the elemental composition. The highest percent total oxides in the soils were SiO2, CaO, AlO2, and MgO. The total oxide concentrations determined by both techniques were close to each other except SiO2, they were statistically different. In general, differences in the mean total oxide values of the investigated elements among the soils formed on different parent materials determined by both methods were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05) while the effect of soil tillage was significant (p < 0.05) only for the results obtained with the XRF. The impacts of soil tillage status on other elements were statistically negligible (p>0.05), but only MgO was shown to be significantly affected. The percent SiO2 values obtained by the ICP technique were quite low compared to the values obtained by the XRF technique. Overall, in terms of total elemental oxide values obtained, the XRF method was considered more advantageous over the ICP technique as it provides more accurate results and requires less soil samples.

Keywords:

Soil, total oxides, XRF, ICP, Soil tillage,

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