Konukçu besinin Bracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)’un bazı biyolojik özelliklerine etkisi

Konukçu besininin kalite ve kantitesi parazitoit nesillerinin gelişimini etkilemektedir. Konukçu besininin ekto-larval parazitoit Bracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) üzerindeki etkisini belirlemek için konukçu Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvaları farklı besinlerde yetiştirilmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan besinler mısır unu + kepek (kontrol), yulaf unu + kepek, çavdar unu + kepek, keçiboynuzu unu+ kepek, siyez unu + kepek ve patates unu + kepek (1:1)’dir. B. hebetor’un en az yumurta bıraktığı besin (3.5 ± 0.41) keçiboynuzu unu+ kepek karışımıdır. B. hebetor’un gelişen larva oranının en yüksek olduğu besin mısır unu + kepek (%70.74) ve siyez unu + kepek (%65.69) karışımlarıdır. Larval gelişim için en uygun konukçu besinleri ise patates unu + kepek (66.59 ± 1.34) ve siyez unu + kepek (61.87 ± 1.26 sa) karışımlarıdır. Pupa gelişme süresi için en uygun besinler patates unu + kepek (212.02 ± 4.08 sa) ve çavdar unu + kepek (220.85 ± 3.09 sa) olarak bulunmuştur. Parazitoitin toplam gelişme süresi dikkate alındığında benzer olarak patates unu + kepek (330.21 ± 4.86 sa) ve çavdar unu + kepek (341.62 ± 4.63 sa) uygun besinler olarak bulunmuştur. Keçiboynuzu unu + kepek besin karışımı hariç dişi parazitoitlerin yaşam süresi erkek parazitoitlerin yaşam süresinden daha uzun bulunmuştur. Parazitoitin cinsiyet oranınında konukçu besinlerinden etkilendiği saptanmıştır. En yüksek doğurganlık ise 242 birey ile patates unu + kepek karışımında bulunmuştur. Bu çalışma sonuçlarının önemli zararlıların parazitoiti olan B. hebetor’un kitle üretimine katkı sağlayacağı kanısındayız.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Konukçu Besini, Ephestia kuehniella, Bracon hebetor, Biyoloji

Influence of host diet on the biological characteristics of Bracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

The quantity and quality of host insect diets is strongly related with the development of parasitoid offspring. To evaluate the prediction that effects of host artificial diets on the ecto-larval parasitoid Bracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae); Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae were reared with different host diets. We used corn flour + bran (control), oat flour + bran, rye flour + bran, carob flour + bran, einkorn flour + bran, and potato flour + bran (1:1) as host diet. The number of eggs laid by the parasitoid B. hebetor was lowest (3.5 ± 0.41) on carob flour+ bran. The rate of developing larvae was highest on corn flour+bran (70.74%) and einkorn flour+bran (65.69%). Potato flour + bran (66.59 ± 1.34 h) and einkorn flour + bran (61.87 ± 1.26 h) are the best host diet for the parasitoid larval development time. The most suitable diet for pupal development time is potato flour + bran (212.02 ± 4.08 h) and rye flour + bran (220.85 ± 3.09 h). Considering the total development time, simirlarly potato flour + bran (330.21 ± 4.86 h) and rye flour + bran (341.62 ± 4.63 h) are suitable diets. Female parasitoids showed longer longevity than male parasitoids for all host nutrients, except in the case of carob flour + bran. The sex ratios of the parasitoids were affected for each host diet. The highest fecundity was obtained in mixture of potato flour + bran with 242 individuals. The results of this study can contribute to the improvement of the mass rearing of B. hebetor for the biological control of different pests.

Keywords:

Host diet, Ephestia kuehniella, Bracon hebetor, Biology,

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