Türkiye’deki Kestane ve Ormangülü Ballarının Bazı Karakteristik Özellikleri

Türkiye’de genellikle Karadeniz bölgesinde üretilen kestane (Castanea sativa Mill.) ve ormangülü (Rhododendron spp. L.) (delibal) balları içerdiği organik bileşenler ve yüksek antioksidan seviyeleri ile bilinen önemli ballardır.Bu çalışmanın ilk aşamasında kestane ve ormangülü ballarının melissopalinolojik farklılıkları araştırılmış, ikinci aşamasında ise ormangülü, kestane ve kestane ormangülü karışık balların şeker içerikleri ve kimyasal bileşenleri belirlenmiştir. Bu amaçla Türkiye’nin Karadeniz Bölgesinde, 4 farklı yerden toplamda 18 bal örneği toplanmıştır ve mikroskop ile melissopalinolojik analizleri yapılmıştır. Kimyasal bileşim ve şeker içeriği (fruktoz&glikoz) HPLC ve GC-MS ile belirlenmiştir. Melissopalinolojik analizler sonrasında 10 balın monofloral kestane balı, 2’sinin monofloral ormangülü ve 6’sının da kestane ormangülü karışık ballar olduğu saptanmıştır. HPLC ile yapılan şeker analizleri sonucunda F/G oranının 1.17 ve 1.80 arasında olduğu, GC-MS kimyasal analizleri sonucunda da balların alkoller, aldehidler, ketonlar, alifatik asit ve esterleri, carboksilik asit ve esterleri ile flavanoidleri içerdiği ortaya çıkarılmıştır.

Some Characteristic Properties of Chestnut and Rhododendron Honeys in Turkey

Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) and Rhododendron (Rhododendron spp. L.) (mad honey) honeys are produced generally in Black Sea Region in Turkey and both of them are the special honeys because of their organic component content and known their high antioxidant capacity. In the first step of this study we researched the melissopalynological differentiation of the chestnut and rhododendron honeys and then in the second step we determined the chemical compounds and sugar content of the rhododendron, chestnut and mixed chestnutρdodendron honeys. For this purpose total 18 honey samples were collected from 4 different districts from Black Sea Region of Turkey and melissopalynological analyses were done by microscope. Chemical composition and sugar content (fructose&glucose) were determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatograpy (HPLC) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). After melissopalynological anaylses were obtained 10 monofloral chestnut, 2 monofloral rhododendron and 6 mixed chestnutρdodendron honeys. As a result of sugar analysis with HPLC, F/G rates were found between 1.17 and 1.80. GC-MS chemical substance analyses of honeys revealed alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, aliphatic acids and their esters, carboxylic acids and their esters and flavanonoids.

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