Gamze Turgay İZZETOĞLU, Asiye PAK, Tuğba ZÜLFİKAROĞLU, Taylan K. ÖZTÜRK

Son İnstar Bombyx mori Testislerine Juvenil Hormon Analoğu Fenoxycarb’ın Etkileri

Böceklerin gelişimi ve başkalaşımı başlıca birbiriyle zıt çalışan juvenil ve ekdizon hormonları tarafından düzenlenir. Fenoxycarb, birçok böcek üzerinde etkili bir juvenil hormon analoğudur. Bu çalışmada, fenoxycarbın son larval evredeki Bombyx mori testisleri üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Son instar 6. güne ait erkek larvalar 2 gruba ayrılmıştır. Bir gruba 1ng fenoxycarb uygulanmış, geriye kalan larvalar kontrol grubu olarak kullanılmıştır. Kontrol ve uygulama grubu larvalar, koza örme davranışı gösterdikleri günden itibaren pupalaşıncaya kadar takip edilmiştir. Diseksiyon sonrası testislerin bir kısmı rutin histolojik işlemlerden geçirilmiş ve fotoğrafları çekilmiştir. Uygulama grubunda fenoxycarbın ekdizon salınımını baskılayarak spermatogonium oluşumunu azalttığı ve olgun spermlerin azalmasına neden olduğu görülmüştür. Diğer kısmı ise toplam karbohidrat ve glikojen içeriğinin analizi için kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, fenoxycarb spermatogenezi azaltıcı bir etkiye sahiptir ve böcekler üzerinde stres oluşturarak toplam karbohidrat içeriğinin de azalmasını etkileyebilir. Bu histolojik ve biyokimyasal sonuçlar fenoxycarbın zararlı böcekler için böcek büyüme regülatörü (IGR) olarak kullanımını destekleyici nitelikte olabilir.

The Effects of Juvenile Hormone Analogue, Fenoxycarb on the Last Instar Testes of Bombyx mori

The development and metamorphosis of insects is regulated by juvenile hormone (JH) and ecdysone hormone, which are worked antagonist. Fenoxycarb is an effective juvenile hormone analogue on many insects. In this study, the effect of fenoxycarb on the last larval stage Bombyx mori testes was investigated. Male larvae on the 6th day of the last instar are divided into 2 groups. 1 ng of fenoxycarb dissolved in acetone was topically applied to larvae in the treatment group and the remaining 18 larvae were used as the control group. Control and treated groups were followed to until pupation from day when they showed cocoon spinning behavior. After dissection, several of testes were entreated routine histological processes and photographed. In treatment group, it was seen that fenoxycarb reduced spermatogonium formation by suppressing ecdysone release and caused a decrease in mature sperm. Remaining testes are used to the analysis of total carbohydrate and glycogen content. In conclusion, fenoxycarb has the reducing effect on spermatogenesis and it can cause to decrease of total carbohydrate content because of stress in insects. These histological and biochemical results may be in support of the use of fenoxycarb as an insect growth regulator (IGR) for harmful insects.

PDF

___

G.J.P. Singh, Hemolymph carbohydrate and lipid mobilization in Locusta migratoria in relation to the progress of poisoning following bioresmethrin treatment, Pest. Biochem. Phys., 25 (1986) 264–269.
K. Fotouhi, M.M. Fazel, A. Kavousi, Effects of pyriproxyfen on bioenergetic resources of Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Türk. Entomol. Derg., 39 (2015) 11–22.
M.L.M. Garcia, R.P. Mello, B.C.M. Mello, Effect of Precocene II, Ecdysone and juvenile hormone on the glycogen concentration in pupae of Stomoxys calcitrans (Dipter Muscidae), Mem. Inst. Oswalda Cruz, 83 (1988) 451–454.
D. Mandal, D.K. Chaudhuri, Studies on carbohydrate, protein and lipid levels in normal and stress conditions in fat body and integument as compared to whole body during development of rice moth, Corcyra cephalonica (ST), Insect Sci. Applic., 13 (1992) 121–128.
R. Pant, S. Kumar, Metabolic fate of carbohydrates and lipids during moulting of Philosamia ricini (Lepidoptera: Saturnidae), Insect Biochem., 9 (1979) 577-582.
O. Parlak, S. Sakurai, M. Kaya, T. Ohtaki, Content and possible role of ecdysterids in the larval ovary of the silkworm, Bombyx mori, Invertebrate Reprod. Develop., 21 (1992) 1-6.
M.G. Leonardi, S. Cappellozza, L. Cappellozza, P. Lanne, P. Parentis, B. Giordana, Effects of the topical application of an insect growth regulator (fenoxycarb) on some physiological parameters in the fifth instar larvae of the silkworm Bombyx mori, Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 113 (1996) 361-365.
E. Van Handel, Rapid determination of glycogen and sugars in mosquitoes, J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc., 1 (1985) 199-301.
S.G. Dedos, H. Fugo, Induction of dauer larvae by application of fenoxycarb early in the 5th instar of the silkworm, Bombyx mori, J. Insect Physiol., 45 (1999) 769-775.
A. Öber, Zoolojide Laboratuvar Teknikleri, 3. Baskı, Ege Üniversitesi Basımevi Bornova İzmir, No: 183 (2009) 209s. ISBN 978-975-483-824-4.
M. Kamimura, Effects of a juvenile hormone analogue, fenoxycarb, on larval growth of the silkworm, Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae), JSAEZ, 30 (1995) 487-489.
J.K. Presnell, M.P. Schreibman, Humason’s animal tissue techniques, 5th edition, The Johns Hopkins University Press (1997) 572p, ISBN 0-8018-5401-6.
M. Kamimura, M. Kiuchi, Effects of a juvenile hormone analog, fenoxycarb, on 5th stadium larvae of the silkworm, Bomyx mori (Lepidoptera:Bombycidae), Appl. Ent Zool., 33 (1998) 333-338.
G. Turgay İzzetoğlu, A. Öber, Total proteolytic activity on the pupal rectal sac of Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae), Hacettepe J. Bio. Chem., 41 (2013) 67-72.
J.L. Nation, Insect physiology and biochemistry, 2nd edit., Department of Entomology and Nematology University of Florida, U.S.A (2008) 500 p, ISBN 978- 1-4200-6177-2.
G. Turgay İzzetoğlu, A. Öber, Histological investigation of the rectal sac in Bombyx mori L., Turk J Zool., 35 (2011) 213-221.
4. N. Kılınçer, Ş. Bayram, Böceklerde üreme sistemleri, Ankara Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Bitki Koruma Bölümü (1999) 59s.
E. Göncü, O. Parlak, The influence of juvenile hormone analogue, fenoxycarb on the midgut remodeling in Bombyx mori (L., 1758) (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) during larval-pupal metamorphosis, Turkish J. Ent., 35 (2011) 179-194.
J. Devillers, Juvenile hormones and juvenoids, 3rd edit., CTIS-centre de traitement de l’information scientifique rillieux la pape, France (2013) 410 p, ISBN 978-1-4665-1322.
C. Gillott, Entomology, 3rd edit., University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada (2005) 831 p.
B. Yılmaz, Omurgasızlarda hormonlar, Ankara Üniv. Vet. Fak. Derg., 35 (1988) 218-226.
M.J. Klowden, In physiological systems in insects, Chapter 4 – Reproductive Systems, 2. edit, University of Idaho, Moscow Idaho (2008) 181-238.
E. Batır, E. Göncü, and O. Parlak, Ecdysone receptor B1 in Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera:Bombycidae) prothoracic gland under various organ culture conditions, IUFS J. Bio., 71 (2012) 31-42.
O. Parlak, İpekböceği Biyolojisi, Ege Üniversitesi Basımevi, İzmir, No: 171 (2001) 127s ISBN 975-483- 485-7.