Mehtap TAN, Nuray DAYAPOĞLU, Zümrüt Akgün ŞAHİN, Mehtap CÜRCANİ, Hatice POLAT

Kırsal Kesimde Yaşayan Kadınlarda Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklar Risk Faktörleri Bilgi Düzeyinin Belirlenmesi

Bu araştırma, kırsal kesimde yaşayan kadınların kardiyovasküler hastalıklar risk faktörleri bilgi düzeyinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Tanımlayıcı nitelikteki bu çalışmaErzurum il merkezine bağlı 5 ayrı köyde Temmuz 2010 tarihleri arasında yapılmıştır. Araştırmaya 113 kadın katılmıştır. Araştırmanın verilerinin toplanmasında anket formu ve “Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklar Risk Faktörleri Bilgi Düzeyi (KARRİF-BD) ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde yüzdelik dağılımlar, ortalama, bağımsız gruplarda t testi, Kruskal Wallis Varyans analizi ve Mann-Whitney U testleri kullanılmıştır. Kadınların kardiyovasküler hastalıklar risk faktörleri bilgi düzeyi puan ortalaması 13.05±6.93 olarak bulunmuştur. Kardiyovasküler hastalıklar risk faktörleri bilgi düzeyi toplam puanının (toplam puan 0–28 arasında değişmektedir) orta düzeyde olduğu görülmektedir. Kardiyovasküler hastalıklar risk faktörleri bilgi düzeyi puan ortalaması ile yaş (P<0.05), eğitim durumu (P<0.001), sağlık güvencesinin varlığı (p<0.01), ailede kalp hastalığı bulunma durumu (P<0.01), kan basıncı değerleri (P<0.01) ve sigara kullanma durumu (P<0.05), arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır. Bu çalışma sonucunda; sağlık personelinin önemli bir üyesi olan hemşirelerin kırsal kesimde yaşayan kadınlara kardiyovasküler hastalıkların risk faktörleri, önlenmesi ve yönetimi konularında sağlık eğitimi ve danışmanık hizmeti vermesi önerilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Kardiyovasküler Hastalık, Risk Faktörleri, Bilgi Düzeyi, Hemşirelik

Determining Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Knowledge Level Of Women Living In Rural Area

The purpose of this study is to determine cardiovascular disease risk factors knowledge level of women living in rural area. This descriptive study was conducted within June 2010 in 5 different villages in city center of Erzurum. 113 women were included in the study. Questionnaire and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Knowledge Level (CARRF-KL) scale were used to collect the data of the study. In the assessment of the date, percentage distributions, average, t test on independent groups, Kruskall Wallis Variance Analysis, Mann Whitney U test were used. Cardiovascular disease risk factors knowledge level mean score of women was found to be 13.05±6.93. Total score (ranging between 0-28) of cardiovascular disease risk factors knowledge level was medium. There was a significant relationship between the cardiovascular disease risk factors knowledge level mean scores and age (P<0.05), educational status (P<0.001), existence of health insurance (p<0.01), heart disease family history (P<0.01), blood pressure values (P<0.01) and smoking status (P<0.05). In consequence of this study, it is recommended for nurses, who are an important member of healthcare staff, to render health training and consulting service to women living in rural area regarding prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases risk factors.

Keywords:

Cardiovascular Disease, Risk Factors, Knowledge Level, Nursing,

PDF

___

Mitka M. Heart disease a global health threat. The Journal of the American Medical Association 2004; 291 (21): 2533. Callow AD. Cardiovascular disease 2005- the global picture. Vasculer Pharmacology 2006; 45: 302-307. Watkins H, Farrall M. Genetic susceptibility to coronary artery disease: from promise to progress. Nature Reviews Genetics 2006; 7: 163-172. Mutangadura, Gladys B ( ed.). Reducing risks, promoting healthy life World. Health Report 2002; Geneva, World Health Organization, 2002. Onat A, Keleş İ, Çetinkaya A, Başar Ö. Yıldırım B, Erer B ve ark. On yıllık TEKHARF çalışması verilerine göre Türk erişkinlerinde koroner kökenli ölüm ve olayların prevalansı yüksek. Türk Kardiyol Derneği Araştırmaları 2001; 29: 8-19. Rosenfeld JA. Heart disease in women: gender-specific statistics and prevention strategies for a population at risk. Postgraduate Medicine |2000; 107: 111-116. Robertson MR. Women and cardiovascular disease: the risks of misperception and the need for action. Circulation 2001;103:2318-20 Shaw LJ, Bugiardini R, Merz CN. Women and ischemic heart disease: evolving knowledge. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2009;54: 1561-75. Engberding N, Wenger NK. Cardiovascular disease prevention tailored for women.
Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy 2008; 6: 1123-34. Vaccarino V, Parsons L, Every NR, Barron HV, Krumholz HM. Sex-based differences in early mortality after myocardial infarction: National Registry of Myocardial Infarction 2 Participants. The New England Journal of Medicine 1999; 341: 217–25. American Heart Association. Heart disease and stroke statistics--2008. Circulation 2008; 117e25-e146. Khot UN, Khot MB, Bajzer CT, Sapp SK, Ohman EM, Brener SJ, et al. Prevalance of conventional risk factors in patients with coronary heart disease. . The Journal of the American Medical Association 2003; 290: 898-904. Onat A. Risk factors and cardiovascular disease in Turkey. Atherosclerosis 2001; 156: 1-10.
Thanavaro JL, Moore SM, Anthony M, Narsavage G, Delicath T. Predictors of health promotion behavior in women without prior history of coronary heart disease. Applied Nursing Research 2006; 19: 149–55. Çengel A. Kadınlarda kardiyovasküler risk faktörleri. Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Arştırmaları 2010; 38 Suppl 1; 17-24. Arıkan İ, Metintaş S, Kalyoncu C, Yıldız Z. Kardiyovasküler hastalıklar risk faktörleri bilgi düzeyi (KARRİF-BD) Ölçeği’nin geçerlik ve güvenirliği. Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Araştırmaları 2009; 37 (1): 35-40. Mosca L, Ferris A, Fabunmi R, & Robertson R.M. Tracking women’s awareness of heart disease: An American Heart Association national study. Circulation 2004; 109: 573– 5 Sandra Oliver – McNeil. Women’s perceptions of personal cardiovascular risk and their risk- reducing behaviors. American Journal of Critical Care 2002; 11 (3): 221-227. Scalzi LV, Ballou SP, Park JY, Redline S, Kirchner HL. Cardiovascular disease risk awareness in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Arthritis & Rheumatism 2008; 58: 1458Thanavaro JL. Barriers to coronary heart disease risk modification in women without prior history of coronary heart disease. Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners 2005;17: 487-93. Frijling B, Hulscher ME, van Leest LA, et al. Multifaceted support to improve preventive cardiovascular care: a nationwide, controlled trial in general practice. The British Journal of General Practice .2003;53: 934-41. Yazid N, Al Hamarneh, Grainne E, Crealey JC. McElnay. Coronary heart disease: health knowledge and behaviour. International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics 2011; 33: 111–123. Jerant AF, Friederichs-Fitzwater MM, Moore M. Patients' perceived barriers to active self-management of chronic conditions. Patient Education and Counseling 2005; 57: 300-30 Fiscella K, Franks P, Doescher MP, Saver BG. Do HMOs affect educational disparities in health care? Annals of Family Medicine 2003;1: 90-96.
FH, Aslam F, Mahmud H, Waheed A, Shakir M, Afzal A, et al. Cardiovascular health knowledge and behaviour in patient attendants at four tertiary care hospitals in Pakistan-a cause for concern. BMC Public Health 2005; 5: 124–32. Hajjar I, Kotchen TA. Trends in prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in the United States, 1988-2000. The Journal of the American Medical Association 2003;290:199-206. Hammond D, Fong GT, McNeill A, Borland R, Cummings KM. Effectiveness of cigarette warning labels in informing smokers about the risks of smoking: findings from the international tobacco control (ITC) four country survey. Tobacco Control 2006;15: iii19–25.