2013

The Weed Flora of Turkish Tea Plantations

This study was performed to find out the vascular weed taxa of tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) plantations in Turkey and determine the critical control periods of the taxa which are negatively affect both of crop quality and yield. These taxa were determined with the studies and observations of authors both in tea plantations and local herbarium (KATO). A total of 114 native and naturalized/cultivated vascular plant taxa were found out as weeds in tea plantations. The most noxious weed, which were unintentionaly added to harvested shoots and negatively affected the tea quality, were underlined. The most commonly growing taxa in tea plantations in the region were: Pteridium aqulinum (L.) Kuhn., Smilax excelsa L., Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. subsp. barbata (C.A. Mey.) Yalt., Crassocephalum crepidioides (Bentham) S. Moore, Calystegia silvatica (Kit.) Griseb, Commelina communis L., Microstegium vimineum (Trin.) A. Camus., Oplismenus undulatifolius (Ard.) P. Beauw. and Rubus spp. A high number of the observed weed species are ecologically tolerated taxa which are naturalized in the region. Furthermore, of these taxa 9 are climbers and 14 are woody plants. The critical periods of weed control in tea plantations were derived from both literature and our ecological/phenological observatins in tea plantations.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Black Sea, Camellia sinensis, Tea, Turkey, Weed

Türkiye’nin Çay Bahçelerindeki Yabancı Bitki Florası

Bu çalışma, Türkiye’deki çay (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) plantasyonlarının vasküler yabani bitki taksalarını ve hem mahsul kalitesini hem de verimini olumsuz etkileyen bu taksonların kritik kontrol dönemlerini belirlemek için yapılmıştır. Bu taksonlar, çay plantasyonlarında ve lokal herbaryumda (KATO) yazarların çalışmaları ve gözlemleri ile belirlenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında çay bahçelerinde yayılış gösteren toplam 114 adet doğal ve doğallaşmış damarlı bitki taksonu tespit edilmiştir. Hasat edilen sürgünlere kasıtsız olarak karıştırılan ve çay kalitesini olumsuz etkileyen en zararlı bitki taksonları vurgulanmıştır. Çay bahçelerinde en çok yayılan taksonlar; Pteridium aqulinum (L.) Kuhn., Smilax excelsa L., Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. subsp. barbata (C.A. Mey.) Yalt., Crassocephalum crepidioides (Bentham) S. Moore, Calystegia silvatica (Kit.) Griseb, Commelina communis L., Microstegium vimineum (Trin.) A. Camus., Oplismenus undulatifolius (Ard.) P. Beauw. ve Rubus spp.’dir. Bu taksonların çoğu ekolojik toleransı yüksek ve ülkemizde doğallaşmış taksonlardır. Taksonlardan dokuz adeti tırmanıcı, 14 adeti de odunsu bitkidir. Çay bahçelerindeki yabancı bitkilerin kontrollerindeki kritik periyotlar hem literatürden hem de arazideki fenolojik/ekolojik gözlemlerimizden elde edilmiştir.

Keywords:

Karadeniz, Camellia sinensis, Çay, Türkiye, Yabancı Bitki,

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