SIĞIR KIYMASININ BAZI KALİTE ÖZELLİKLERİ VE RAF ÖMRÜ ÜZERİNE Trachystemon Orientalis L. SU, METANOL VE PETROL ETER EKSTRAKTLARININ ETKİLERİ

Araştırmada, Trachystemon orientalis L.'nin (Kaldirik, Somar) sığır kıymasının raf ömrüne etkisi araştırılmıştır. Kurutulmuş Trachystemon orientalis L. yaprakları farklı solventler (petrol eter, metanol ve su) ile muamele edildikten sonra liyofilize edilmiştir. Liyofilize ekstraktlar kıymaya farklı seviyelerde (250 ppm ve 500 ppm) ilave edilmiş ve kıyma örnekleri 2±1 °C'de aerobik olarak depolanmıştır. Depolamanın 1., 24., 48. ve 72. saatlerinde örneklerin TBARS, pH ve renk özellikleri ile Pseudomonas ve Enterobactericea sayıları tespit edilmiştir. Ekstrakt ilavesi kıyma örneklerinin pH değerini artırmış (P < 0.01), lipid oksidasyonunu yavaşlatmıştır (P < 0.01). a* değeri 250 ve 500 ppm su ekstraktlı örneklerde diğer muamele gruplarına göre daha fazla korunmuştur. Kıymaya ekstrakt ilavesi Pseudomonas ve Enterobacteriaceae gelişimini engellemiştir (P < 0.01). İncelenen özellikler üzerine depolama süresinin önemli etkilerinin olduğu (P <0.01), depolama süresince bütün örneklerin TBARS değerlerinin arttığı (P <0.01), en fazla artışın ise kontrol grubu örneklerde olduğu tespit edilmiştir (P <0.05).

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Sığır Kıyması, Trachystemon orientalis L., Antioksidan, Bitki Ekstraktı, Antimikrobiyal, Renk

THE EFFECTS OF WATER, METHANOL AND PETROLIUM ETHER EXTRACTS OF Trachystemon Orientalis L. ON SOME QUALITY PROPERTIES AND SHELF LIFE OF GROUND BEEF

In the study, the effects of Trachystemon orientalis L. (Kaldirik, Somar) on the shelf life of ground beef were investigated. Dried leaves were lyophilized after being treated with different solvents (petroleum ether, methanol and water). Lyophilized extracts were added to ground beef at different levels (250 ppm and 500 ppm), and the samples were stored at 2±1 °C. TBARS, pH, color values and Pseudomonas and Enterobacteriaceae counts of the ground beef samples were analyzed at 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours of storage. The addition of the extract increased the pH value of ground beef (P < 0.01) and prevented lipid oxidation (P < 0.01). The a* value was more preserved in the samples with 250 and 500 ppm water extract than in the other treatment groups. Addition of extract to ground beef prevented the growth of Pseudomonas and Enterobacteriaceae (P < 0.01). Storage time had significant effects on the investigated properties (P < 0.01). During storage, TBARS values of all samples increased (P < 0.01), while the highest increase was detected in control samples (P < 0.05).

Keywords:

Ground Beef, Trachystemon orientalis L., Antimicrobial Effect, Color, Plant Extracts,

PDF

___

Adıguzel, A., Ozer, H., Kılıc, H., Cetın, B. 2007. Screening of antimicrobial activity of essential oil and methanolic extract of Satureja hortensis on foodborne bacteria and fungi. Czech J Food Sci, 25: 81–89.
Aksu, M.İ. 2009. fatty acid composition of beef ıntermuscular, sheep tail, beef kidney fats and ıts effects on shelf life and quality properties of kavurma. J Food Sci, 74(2): 65-72.
Aksu, M.I. 2003. Effect of using Urtica Dioica L. on the quality of Turkish Sucuk (Turkish Style Dry Sausage). Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 27 (3): 685-693.
Aksu, M.I., Ozer, H. 2013. Effects of lyophilized water extract of Satureja hortensis on the shelf life and quality properties of ground beef. J Food Process Preserv, 37: 777–783.
Aksu, M.I., Turan, E. 2022. Properties of black carrot extract and its efficacy for improving the storage quality of vacuum packaged fresh meat products. Packag Technol Sci, 35: 1-11. doi:10.1002/pts.2631
Aksu, M.I., Turan, E. 2021. Effects of lyophilized black carrot (Daucus carota L.) water extract on the shelf life, physico-chemical and microbiological quality of high-oxygen modified atmosphere packaged (HiOx-MAP) ground beef. J Food Sci Technol, 9:3514-3524. doi: 10.1007/s13197-021-05044-1
Aksu, M.I., Alinezhad, H., Erdemir, E. 2015. Effect of lyophilized water extract of Urtica dioica L. on the shelf life of vacuum-packaged beef steaks. J Food Process Preserv, 39(6): 3059-3066. doi:10.1111/jfpp.12571
Aksu, M.İ., Turan, E., Sat, İ.G. 2020. Effects of lyophilized red cabbage water extract and pH levels on the quality properties of pastırma cemen paste during chilled storage. J Stored Products Research, 89: 101696. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2020.101696
Aksu, M. I., Erdemir, E., Turan, E., Sat, I. G. 2020. Effects of red beet extracts on protein and lipid oxidation, colour, microbial, sensory properties and storage stability of Turkish pastırma. J. Stored Products Research, 89: 101721. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2020.101721
Aksu, M.İ., Erdemir, E., Turan, E., Öz, F. 2022. Chemical, microbial, color, oxidative and sensory properties of clean-label pastırma produced with raspberry water extracts as a novel ingredient. Meat Sci, 186: 108737. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2022.108737
Akçin, Ö.E. , Kandemir, N. , Akçin, Y. 2004. A morphological and anatomical study on a medicinal and edible plant Trachystemon orientalis (L.) G.Don. (Boraginaceae) in the Black Sea Region. Turk J Bot, 28: 435-442.
Alp, E., Aksu, M.I. 2010. Effects of water extract of Urtica dioica L. and modified atmosphere packaging on the shelf life of ground beef. Meat Sci, 86(2): 468-473. doi:10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.05.03
Alzoreky, N.S., Nakahara, K. 2003. Antibacterial activity of extracts from some edible plants commonly consumed in Asia. Int. J. Food Microbiology, 80: 223-230.
Ayhan, B. S. 2018. Trachystemon orientalis ekstraktlarının antimutajenik, antimikrobiyal ve antioksidan aktivitelerinin araştırılması. Giresun Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Yüksek Lisans Tezi.
Baumgart, J., Firnhaber, J. und Spcher, G., 1993. Mikrobiologische untersuchung von lebensmitteln, Behr’s Verlag, Hamburg, Germany.
Bilek, S. E., Özkan, G. 2012. Gıda işleme ve depolamanın karotenoidler üzerine etkisi. Akademik Gıda, 10(2): 84-88.
Birinci, S. 2008. Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesinde doğal olarak bulunan faydalı bitkiler ve kullanım alanlarının araştırılması, Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Tarla Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı, Adana.
Campo, M.M., Nute, G.R., Hughes, S.I., Enser, M., Wood, J.D., Richardson, R.I. 2006. Flavour perception of oxidation in beef. Meat Sci, 72 (2): 303-311, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2005.07.015.
Demir, E., Turfan, N., Özer, H., Üstün, N.Ş., Pekşen, A. 2020. Nutrient and bioactive substance contents of edible plants grown naturally in Salıpazarı (Samsun). Acta Sci Pol Hortorum Cultus, 19(1): 151-160.
Espin, J. R., Soler-Rivas, C, Wichers, J. H., García-Viguera, C. 2000. Anthocyanin-based natural colorants: A new source of antiradical activity for foodstuff. J Agric Food Chem, 48 (5): 1588–1592. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9911390
Gökalp, H.Y., Kaya, M., Tülek, Y., Zorba, Ö. (1995). Et ve ürünlerinde kalite kontrolü ve laboratuvar uygulama kılavuzu. Atatürk Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Ofset tesisi, Erzurum
Hossain, M., Mondal, M. Hossain, P., Uddin, S., Uddin, N., Hasan, M., Hossain, S., Islam, M.A.F.M., Rana, S. 2015. In vitro antioxidant, brine shrimp lethality and antimicrobial activities of methanol and petrolium ether extracts of Cassia renigera fruit. Food Measure, 9: 68-75
Karagöz, A., Cevahir, G., Özcan, T., Sadıkoğlu, N., Yentür, S., Kuru, A. 2002. Bazı Yüksek Bitkilerden Hazırlanan Sulu Ekstrelerin Antiviral Aktivite Potansiyellerinin Değerlendirilmesi. 14. Bitkisel İlaç Hammaddeleri Toplantısı, Bildiriler Kitabı, 29-31 Mayıs 2002, Eskişehir.
Kibar, B., Kibar, H., 2017. Determination of the nutritional and seed properties of some wild edible plants consumed as vegetable in the Middle Black Sea Region of Turkey. South African J Botany, 108: 117-125.
Lemon, D.W., 1975. An Improved TBA Test for Rancidty New Series Circular. No:51. Halifax- Laboratory, Halifax, Nova Scotia. Onaran, A., Yılar, M. 2012. Antifungal activity of . Trachystemon orientalis L. aqueous extracts against plant pathogens. J. Food, Agric. & Environment. 10(3-4): 287-291.
Öksüz, M. 1985. Trachystemon orientalis (L.) G.Don. (Boraginaceae) Üzerine Kimyasal, Morfolojik, Anatomik ve Palinolojik Araştırmalar. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Marmara Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi Farmasötik Botanik Bilim Dalı, İstanbul.
Öz, G. C., Sadıkoğlu, N. 2002. Trachystemon orientalis (L.) G.Don. (Boraginaceae): ethnobotanıcal uses, morphologıcal characterıstıcs, dıstrıbutıon, protein contents and anthocyanin .VIth Plant Life of Southwest Asia Symposium 10-14 Haziran 2002 Van
Özer, M.Ö., Aksoy, M. 2019.Mineral composition and nutritional properties of . Trachystemon orientalis (L.) G. Don. Populations in the central black sea region of Turkey. Acta Sci Pol Hortorum Cultus, 18(4): 157-167.
Özen, T. 2010. Antioxidant activity of wild edible plants in the Black Sea Region of Turkey. Grasas Y Aceites, 61(1): 86-94. Öztan, A. 1999. Et Bilimi ve Teknolojisi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Mühendislik Fakültesi Yayınları. Beytepe, Ankara.
Şekeroglu, N., Özkutlu, F., Deveci, M., Dede, Ö., Yılmaz, N. 2006. Evaluation of some wild plants aspect of their nutritional values used as vegetable in Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey . Asian J Plant Sci, 5 (2): 185-189
Turan, E., Şimşek, A. 2021. Effects of lyophilized black mulberry water extract on lipid oxidation, metmyoglobin formation, color stability, microbial quality and sensory properties of beef patties stored under aerobic and vacuum packaging conditions, Meat Sci, 178: 108522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2021.108522.
Uzun, E. Sarıyar, G. Adsersen, A. Karakoç, B. Ötük, G. Oktayoğlu, E. Pirildar, S. 2004. Traditional medicine in Sakarya province (Turkey) and antimicrobial activities of selected species, J Ethnopharmacology, 95: 287–296.
Yeşilada., E., Sezik, E., Honda, G., Takaishi, Y., Takeda, Y., Tanaka, T.1999. Traditional medicine in Turkey IX. Folk Medicine in North-West Anatolia. J Ethnopharmacology, 64: 1 95-210.
Yılar, M., Onaran, A., Yanar, Y., Belgüzar, S., Kadıoğlu, İ. 2014. . Trachystemon orientalis (L.) G. Don. (Kaldırık)’ın herbisidal ve antifungal potansiyeli. Iğdır Univ J Inst Sci Tech, 4(4):19-27.