Öteki Olarak Anne ile Kurulan Tekinsiz İç-İçelik: Edgar Allan Poe’nun “Morella” Adlı Kısa Öyküsü

Bu çalışma, Sigmund Freud tarafından kavramsallaştırılan “tekinsizlik” duygusunu merkezine almaktadır. Örneklem bağlamında ise bu kavramın sunduğu kuramsal izleği takip ederek, Edgar Allan Poe’nun “Morella” isimli kısa öyküsündeki örüntü gizemine odaklanılmaktadır. Amaçlanan, öyküde “öteki olarak anne”, “ölüm” ve “tekinsizlik duygusu”nu birbirine bağlayan psikodinamikleri açığa çıkarmaktır. Bu minvalde, Poevari (Poesque) edebiyatın karakteristik özellikleri olan korku, gizem ve dehşet öğeleri de analize içkin kılınmaktadır. Ayrıca, Poevari edebiyata işlemiş olan, semantik boşluklar ve anlatıdaki kırılmalar da anlatıcının güvenilmezliğini kavrayabilmek için öncelenmektedir. “Morella”da, isimsiz erkek anlatıcı, eşi Morella ile evliliğinden kızının ölümüne dek olanlara dönük retrospektif bir anlatı sunar. “Güvenilmez anlatıcı”, Morella ile “iç-içelik” (intrasubjectivity) kurarak, psişik bir geri çekilme yaşar. Bu bağlamda, Freudyen kavramsal çerçeveden hareketle, bu çalışmada, anlatıcının Morella ile kurduğu bu gizemli ve tekinsiz yakınlık tartışılmaktadır. Poe’nun kadın ve ölüm temsili üzerine çok yazılmış olsa da öykünün bu şekilde okunması, karakterlerin kurulmasında psikodinamik unsurların işlevselliğini gösterebilmek ve bu kavrayışın sunduğu söylemsel alanı genişletebilmek adına önemlidir. Çünkü karakterlerin inşasında psikodinamik öğelerin etkisi, Freudyen “tekinsizlik” kavramı çerçevesinde, psikanalitik çevreden yeteri kadar akademik ilgi görmemiştir.

The Uncanny as the Intrasubjectivity in the (m)Other: Edgar Allan Poe’s “Morella”

This study investigates the contribution of the sense of the uncanny to the intensification of mystery in EdgarAllan Poe’s short story titled “Morella” using Freudian ideas as a backcloth. This paper aims to look at howPoe makes use of the psychodynamics of the characters at the intersection of the (m)other, death and theuncanny. In this sense, typical of Poesque literature is that his work is marked by tales of horror, mystery, themacabre, and morbid imagery; the sense of the uncanny is an indispensable part of a plotline which includessemantic loopholes and narrative ruptures. The unnamed male narrator of the story offers a retrospectiveaccount of his past memories from his marriage to Morella up to the death of his daughter, which reveals thatthis unreliable narrator suffers from a psychic regression by establishing intrasubjectivity with his wife. UsingFreudian epistemology, this paper will also discuss the ways in which how the mysterious bond establishedbetween this couple generates its uncanny effect. Such a reading of the short story is especially useful becausealthough much has been written on Poe’s representation of women and death, this paper aims to open up adiscursive space to discuss the operations of the psychodynamics of characters within the framework of theFreudian uncanny, which has not received adequate scholarly attention from psychoanalytic circles.

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