KABLOSUZ ALGILAYICI AĞLARDA ORTAM ERİŞİM PROTOKOLLERİ

Kablosuz Algılayıcı Ağlar (KAA) son yıllarda hızla gelişen ve araştırmacıların üzerinde çalıştığı konulardan biridir. Çok geniş bir kullanım alanı olan KAAlar, askeri, sağlık, kimyasal, çevresel, endüstri alanlarında kullanılabilmekte ve saptama, iz sürme, gözlemleme gibi işlevleri yapabilmektedirler. KAAlardaki en büyük problemlerden birisi ağda bulunan algılayıcıların kısıtlı kaynaklara sahip olmalarıdır. Sınırlı kaynakların başında da batarya ömrü gelmektedir. Literatürde algılayıcıların yaşam süresini artıracak (batarya ömrünü uzatacak) birçok çalışma yapılmıştır. Ayrıca KAAların günümüzde hareketli düğümler içermeleri ve askeri uygulamalar gibi güvenliğin önemli olduğu alanlarda kullanılmaları sebebiyle hareketlilik ve güvenlik de KAAlarda üzerinde durulan diğer önemli başlıklar haline gelmiştir. KAAlarda iletim ortamına erişim problemi bahsedilen üç konuyu da doğrudan etkilemektedir ve bu nedenle literatürde ortam erişim protokolleri üzerine birçok araştırma bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada KAAlarda kullanılan ortam erişim protokolleri incelenmiş ve enerji etkinliği, hareketlilik ve güvenlik açısından değerlendirilmiştir.

MEDIUM ACCESS CONTROL PROTOCOLS IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

The recent development of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is created a hot research area that attracts many researchers. WSNs have a wide range of application areas including military, chemical, environmental and industry fields. These networks can be used for applications such as surveillance, target detection and tracking. One of the biggest problems of WSN is that sensor nodes have strictly limited resources. The main limited resource is the battery life. In the literature, many studies have been conducted to increase the lifetime of sensor nodes (i.e., extend the battery life). Due to availability of mobile nodes and mission critical applications of WSNs, mobility and security are other important issues in WSNs. Problem of shared medium access is directly related to these issues and hence there are several studies on medium access protocols in the literature. In this study, medium access protocols of WSNs are examined and evaluated with respect to energy efficiency, mobility and security.

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