İbrahim ÇELİK, Ceyhun YILDIZ, Mustafa ŞEKKELİ

Rüzgâr Enerjisi Santrali Kurulumunda Rüzgâr Türbinlerinin Mikro Yerleşimi için bir Optimizasyon Modeli

Rüzgâr enerjisi santrali (RES) kurulumunda rüzgâr türbinlerinin mikro yerleşimi en önemlikonulardan biridir. Rüzgâr türbinlerinin uygun şekilde yerleştirilmesi RES’in üretim miktarınınartmasını sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada 10 adet rüzgâr türbininden oluşan RES kurulumu için biroptimizasyon modeli geliştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın ilk aşamasında RES’in kurulacağı bölgedekirüzgâr hızı dağılımı modellenmiştir. Bu modelde; RES kurulum sahasından alınmış rüzgârölçümleri, RES kurulum bölgesinin topoğrafik haritası ve WAsP (Rüzgâr Atlası Analiz veUygulama Programı) yazılımı kullanılmıştır. İkinci aşamada, bölgeye rastgeleyerleştirilecek rüzgâr türbinlerinin üreteceği toplam enerji hesabı için genel bir yöntemoluşturulmuştur. Enerji hesaplamasının gerçek üretime yakın olması için rüzgâr türbinine aitgerçek bir güç eğrisi kullanılmıştır. Bu güç eğrisi, 2 MW'lık çıkış gücüne sahip Bonus markarüzgâr türbinine aittir. Çalışmanın üçüncü aşamasında, Genetik Algoritma (GA) yöntemikullanılarak optimizasyon modeli çözülmüş ve 10 tane optimal türbin koordinatı belirlenmiştir.Sonuçların değerlendirilmesi amacıyla WAsP yazılımı kullanılarak bu koordinatlara rüzgârtürbinleri yerleştirilmiştir. Yazılımdan alınan sonuçlara göre, rüzgâr türbinlerinin senelik toplamüretimi 56553,5 kWh olarak bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, ortalama rüzgâr hızı haritasında rüzgârtürbini yerleşimlerinin yüksek enerji üretim potansiyeline sahip bölgelere yapıldığıgörülmüştür. Bu sonuç, önerilen modelin RES kurulumunda etkili bir şekilde rüzgâr türbiniyerleşimi yaptığını göstermiştir.

An optimization model for wind turbine micro-siting in Wind Power Plant installation

The wind turbine micro-siting is one of the most important agenda topics in Wind Power Plant (WPP) installations. An appropriate siting of wind turbines increases the amount of energy produced by the WPP. In this study, an optimization model is developed for WPP installation consisting of 10 wind turbines. In the first stage of the study, the wind speed distribution in WPP installation region is modeled. In this model; wind measurements taken from the WPP installation region, topographic map of the WPP installation region and WASP (Wind Atlas Analysis and Application Program) software are used. In the second stage, a general method has been formed for calculating the total energy produced by the wind turbines to be placed randomly in the region. A real power curve belong to the wind turbine is used for the energy calculation to be close to real production. This power curve belongs to the Bonus brand wind turbine, which has an output power of 2 MW. In the third stage of the study, the optimization model is solved by using the Genetic Algorithm (GA) method and 10 number optimal turbine coordinates is determined. In order to evaluate the results, wind turbines are placed in these coordinates using WASP software. According to the results from the software, the annual energy production of the wind turbines is found as 56553.5 kWh. Furthermore, it has been observed that wind turbine placements are made to the regions, which have high energy production potential in the mean wind speed map. This result showed that the proposed model is placed turbines effectively in WPP installation.

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