HASTALIKLARIN TEŞHİS VE TAKİBİNDE KULLANILAN YÜRÜYÜŞ ANALİZ SİSTEMLERİ

Yürüyüş, topuk vuruş zamanlaması, ayak başparmağı kalkış zamanlaması, adım uzunluğu, adım hızı, hareket mesafesi, ayağın altındaki basınç dağılımı, ayakların birbirine göre oryantasyonu gibi birçok parametre ile değerlendirilir. Yürüyüş analizinde bu parametrelerle ilgili veriler toplanmakta ve toplanan veriler, günümüzde, kliniklerde ve laboratuar ortamlarında, iskelet-kas sistem bozukluklarının ve nörolojik bozukluklarının değerlendirilmesinde ve tedavisinde, yapılan ortopedik operasyonlar öncesinde ve operasyonlar sonrası hastaların gözlemlenmesinde, hastalığın gelişiminde ve tedavinin etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesinde kullanılmaktadır. Yürüyüş analizi kliniklerde deneyimli klinisyenlerce yalın gözle, laboratuar ortamlarında ise video sistemler, EMG, yük platformları gibi sistemler kullanılarak zamanla ve mekanla sınırlı bir şekilde yapılmaktadır. Gerçekte, yürüyüş analizi verilerinin, hastanın normal hayatına devam ettiği sürede ve mekânlarda elde edilmesi gerekmektedir. Selebral Palsi ve Parkinson gibi nörolojik hastalıklar ile ortopedik hastalıklardan kaynaklanan sorunlarda yürüyüş örüntüsünü oluşturan parametrelerin birinde veya birkaçında sağlıklı bireylere göre değişiklikler görülmektedir. Yürüyüş analizinin amacı hastalıklı ve sağlıklı durumların birbirinden ayırt edilebilmesini sağlayacak parametreleri saptamaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Yürüyüş analizi, yürüyüş örüntüsü, giyilebilir ölçüm sistemi, denge ve duruş bozuklukları, kuvvet ve eylemsizlik algılayıcıları

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Gait pattern can be characterized by many measurable parameters like heel strike timing, toe off timing, stride length, stride velocity, motion displacement, pressure distribution under the foot, orientation of the feet with respect to each other. By means of gait analysis, data related to these parameters are collected and utilized in order to diagnose skeletal system and neurologic disorders as well as for the evaluation of the improvement, if exits, before and after orthopedic operations, physical rehabilitations and treatment of the disease. As a result of neurologic diseases such as Cerebral Palsy and Parkinson and orthopedic diseases, gait pattern of a patient differs from that of a healthy person with change in one or more gait parameters. The purpose of a gait analysis is therefore to determine the gait parameters that can be used to differentiate between healthy and unhealthy states and focus on those parameters. Gait analysis is performed in clinics by the experienced clinicians with naked eye; in laboratories by means of video systems, electromyography (EMG) and force platforms and other systems, all of which are limited by time and location. In fact, data related to gait parameters should be collected in the patients’ daily life environment. The aim of this study is to summarize the current literature regarding the gait analysis systems, evaluate the reasons of being not popular in practice so far and provide the discussion of the features that a gait analysis system should have to become more popular in daily life use

Keywords:

Gait analysis, gait pattern, body-worn measurement system, balance and posture failures, force and inertial sensors,

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