Deniz ERDOĞAN, Gülnur TAKE, Feriba TURHAN, Yeşim BARDAKÇI

Electron miroscopic changes in the rat uterus durig the menstrual cycle

Amaç: Çalışmamızda farklı menstrüel döngüde uterus duvarındaki ince yapı düzeyindeki değişikliklerin yapısal olarak incelenmesi amaçlandı. Gereç-Yöntem: Çalışmada Wistar albino cinsi 16 adet dişi sıçan kullanıldı. Sıçanların menstrüel evreleri (proöstrus, östrus, metaöstrus ve diöstrus) vajinal smear alınarak, Papanicolaou boyama yöntemiyle ayırt edildi. Uteris örnekleri mikroskobik izleme yöntemlerinden geçirilerek bloklandı. Uygun boyamalarla yapısal düzeyde incelendiler. Bulgular: Proöstrus evresinde uterus epitel boyunun uzamaya başlaması, lümenin girinti ve çıkıntılarının azlığı, yalancı bezlerin oluşmaya başlaması, lamina propria’da gelişkin fibroblast benzeri stromal hücreler ve damarlardaki dolgunluk insan erken proliferasyon evresi ile uyumluydu. Ayrıca yan yüz bağlantı birimleri belirgindi Östrus evresinde, hücre yan yüzlerinde sıkı bağlantı birimleri gelişkindi ve nokta şeklindeydi. İnterdijitasyonlar proöstrus grubuna karşın çoktu. Hücreler arası aralık yer yer açılmıştı. Bu evrede epitel boyundaki artış, apoptotik hücre ve cisimcikler, bez lümenlerinde katlantıların şekillenmesi, lamina propria’da yerleşik stromal hücreler, damarlanma ve kollajen liflerde artış, hipertrofik düz kas hücreleri, insan geç proliferasyon evresi yapısal değişimleri ile uyumluydu. Metaöstrus evresinde epitel boyundaki alçalma, gelişkin uterus ve yalancı bezlerin varlığı, lamina propria’nın stromal hücrelerindeki artış, yoğun sitoplazmalı düz kas hücreleri insan sekresyon evresi başlangıcı ile eşdeşti. Diöstrus evresinde ise metaöstrus evresinde izlenen yapısal değişimler artmıştı bu, geç sekresyon evresine eşdeşti. Sonuç: Sıçan menstrüel döngüsü evrelerinin insan proliferasyon, folliküler ve erken-geç sekresyon evreleri ile örtüştüğü kanısına varıldı.

Menstrüel döngüde sıçan uterus yapısındaki elektron mikroskobik değişiklikler

Purpose: To examine structural changes in the uterine wall during the menstrual cycle. Materials and Methods: 16 Wistar albino female rats were used. The rats’ estrous cycle stages were proestrous, estrous, metaestrous, and diestrous. Vaginal smears were obtained and stained using an adaptation of the Papanicolau procedure. Suitable sections from the uterus for microscopic study were prepared. Results: During proestrous the observed increase in length of the epithelium, the loss of the popillas of the lumen, the formation of pseudoglands, development of fibroblast-like stromal cells in lamina propria and the fullness in veins correletes with the early proliferation stage of lumen. During the estrous cycle, behind the apical cells generally like a dot are well developed. The interdigitations were more developed than those during proestrus. In this stage, the increase in length of the epithelium, the presence of apoptotic cell and substances, formation of folds in glandular lumens, developed resident stromal cells in lamina propria, increase in angiogenesis and collagen fibers, and the presence of hypertrophic smooth muscle cells were appropriate findings for the late proliferate phase of the human uterus. In the metaestrous cycle, the distinctive decrease in epithelium length, the presence of highly developed uterus glands and pseudoglands, increase in developed resident stromal cells in lamina propria, and smooth muscle cells with dense cytoplasm were all regarded as appropriate findings for the early secretory phase. In the diestrous stage, the alterations in the metaestrous cycle increased and the findings were consistent with the late secretory phase of the human uterus. Conclusion: The rat estrous cycle matched with human proliferate, follicular, and early-late secretory phase findings

PDF

___

1. Hubscher CH, Brooks DL, Johnson JR. A quantitative method for assessing stages of the rat estrous cycle. Biotech Histochem 2005;80: 79-87.
2. Spornitz UM, Dravid A, Winkelmann A. Scanning electron microscopic demonstration of surface and subsurface enzymes in rat endometrium during the estrous cycle. Scanning 1998; 20: 224.
3. Long JA, Evans HM. The oestrus cycle in the rat and its associated phenomena. Mem. Univ. California 1922; 6: 1-148.
4. Mendoza-Rodriquez CA, Gonzalez-Mariscal L, Cerbon M. Changes in the distribution of ZO-1, occludin, and claudins in the rat uterine epithelium during the estrous cycle. Cell Tissue Res 2005; 319: 315-30.
5. Cohen E, Talmon A, Faff O ve ark. Formation of tight junctions in epithelial cells. I. Induction by proteases in a human colon carcinoma cell line.Exp Cell Res 1985; 156: 103-16.
6. Gilula NB Fawcett DW, Aoki A. The Sertoli cell occluding junctions and gap junctions in mature and developing mammalian testis.Dev Biol 1976; 50: 142-68.
7. Alavi N, Lianos EA, Palant CE ve ark. Induction of epithelial tight junctions by a light chain protein isolated from a patient with Fanconi’s syndrome.Nephron 1983; 35: 130-5.
8. Murphy CR, Swift JG, Mukherjee TM ve ark. The structure of tight junctions between uterine luminal epithelial cells at different stages of pregnancy in the rat. Cell Tissue Res 1982; 223: 281-6.
9. Goranova V, Chaldakov GN. Ciliated fibroblast and smooth muscle cells in the rat uterus. Experientia 1990; 46: 488-9.
10. Spornitz UM, Socin CD, Dravid AA. Estrous stage determination in rats by means of scanning electron microscopic images of uterine surface epithelium. Anat Rec 1999; 254: 116-26.
11. Sato T, Fukazawa Y, Kojima H ve ark. Apoptotic cell death during the estrous cycle in the rat uterus and vagina. Anat Rec 1997; 248:76-83.
12. Hopwood D, Levison DA. Atrophy and apoptosis in the cyclical human endometrium. J Pathol 1976; 119: 159-66.
13. Rumpel E, Michna H, Kühnel W. Morphology of the rat uterus after long-term treatment with progesterone antagonists. Ann Anat 1993; 175: 141-9.
14. Ross R, Klebanoff SJ. Fine structural changes in uterine smooth muscle and fibroblasts in response to estrogen. J Cell Biol 1967; 32: 155-67.
15. Feder HH. Neuroendocrinology of Reproduction. Phisiology and Behavior. 279 Ed. T. Adler. Plenum Press. New York/London 1981 16. Rhodin JA. Fine structure of vascular walls in mammals with special reference to smooth muscle component. Physiol Rev Suppl 1962; 5:48-87.
17. Van Itallie C, Rahner C, Anderson JM. Regulated expression of claudin-4 decreases paracellular conductance through a selective decrease in sodium permeability. J Clin Invest 2001; 107: 1319-1327