Erkeklerde Kullanılan Cerrahi ve Cerrahi Olmayan Kontrasepsiyon Yöntemleri

İnsan ve hayvanlarda aşırı üremeyi önlemek amacıyla eski çağlardan beri kullanılagelen pek çok yöntem hem erkek hem de dişiler için tanımlanmıştır. Üreme faaliyetlerinin devamlı veya geçici bir süre için durdurulması olarak tanımlanan kontrasepsiyonun pratik kullanımı erkeklere oranla dişilerde daha yaygındır. Bununla birlikte, hem insan hem de hayvanların erkek bireylerinde kullanılan değişik kontraseptif yöntemler bulunmaktadır. Cerrahi yöntemler farklı tür erkeklerde radikal bir çözüm olmasına rağmen, bu alanda yapılan çalışmaların büyük çoğunluğu gonadotropin sekresyonunun engellenmesi, hormonlara karşı aşı üretilmesi, farklı bitkiler ve sperm-spesifik- antijenlerin kullanılması gibi cerrahi olmayan yöntemler üzerinde yoğunlaşmaktadır. Testisin ve sperm kanallarının yapısını bozan kimyasal ajanlar, kontrasepsiyonda etkili olmalarına karşın istenmeyen yangısal durumlara ve ağrı gibi yan etkilere neden olmaktadır. Hormonal aşılar, bitkiler ve sperm-spesifik-antijenler genellikle kısa süreli bir kontrasepsiyon sağlamaktadır.

Surgical and Non-surgical Contraception Methods Used in Males

Many methods that have been used preventing overgeneration in humans and animals since ancient times were defined for both males and females. Practical use of contraception, which was defined as the permanent or temporary cessation of reproductive activity, is more common in females than in males. However, there are different contraceptive methods used in males of both humans and animals. Although surgical procedures are the radical solution in different types of males, the vast majority of the works in this field have focused on the non-surgical procedures such as prevention of gonadothropin secretion, producing vaccines against hormones, using different plants, and sperm-specific-antigens. Chemical agents that disrupt the structure of testes and sperm ducts causes undesired side effects such as inflammatory conditions and pain, despite being effective in contraception. Hormonal vaccines, plants and sperm-spesific-antigens often provide a short-term contraception.

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