Nükleer Enerjinin Karbon Ayak İzini Azlatmadaki Rolü Hayati mi? En Yüksek Nükleer Enerji Tüketen On İki Ülke İncelemesi

Son yılların en öne çıkan sorunu, tartışmasız çevresel bozulmadır. Çevresel bozulmanın temel sebebi ise, fosil yakıtların kullanımıdır ve bu yakıtlar enerji söktörünü domine eden enerji türüdür. Bu durumun yanı sıra, gideerek artan bir enerji talebi söz konusudur ve bu durum politika karar vericileri, iklim değişikliğine karşı ekonomik kalkınma arasında karar vermeye zorlamaktadır. Ayrıca, Paris Anlaşması’nın, ülkelerin CO2 emisyonlarını azaltmaları konusunda bir baskı oluşturması, ülkelerin temiz enerji kaynakalrına geçişini hızlandırmıştır. Bu noktada, nükleer enerji temiz enerji sınıflamasında yer aldığı için ön plana çıkmıştır. Ancak, nükleer enerjinin temiz enerji olup olmadığı da bir tartışma konusudur. Bir nükleer kaza olması durumunda, çevreye en çok zarar veren enreji türü haline gelir. Dolayısıyla bu çalışma, nükleer enerjinin karbon ayak izini azalma eksenindeki rolünü incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu sebeple, dünyada ve nükleer enerjiye en fazla sahip on iki ülke için nükleer enerjinin payı ve CO2 emisyonları betimsel analiz ile incelenmiştir. Sonuçlar, nükleer enerji kullanılarak kaçınılan CO2 emisyonlarının bu ülkeler için hayati olmadığı şeklinde yorumlanabilir. Ayrıca, bu emisyonlar yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarından da sağlanabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

nükleer enerji, karbon ayak izi, temiz enerji, çevresel bozulma

Is the Role of Nuclear Energy Vital in Reducing Carbon Footprint? An Examination of the Twelve Highest Nuclear Energy Consumption Countries

The crucial problem in the last few decades is environmental degradation unquestionably. The main cause of environmental degradation is burning fossil fuels, and they dominate the energy sector. Besides, energy demand has been increasing, and this situation forces policymakers to make a decision on economic development versus climate change. Also, the Paris Agreement put pressure on the countries to reduce CO2 emissions, so it accelerated countries' transition to clean energy resources. At this point, nuclear energy comes to the forefront as it is classified as clean energy status. On the other hand, the notion of nuclear energy is clean or not is a matter of debate. In case of a nuclear accident, it becomes the most environmentally damaging resource. Thus, this study aims at investigating the role of nuclear energy on the axis of reducing carbon footprint. For this purpose, the values and the shares of nuclear energy in the World and the top twelve nuclear energy consumption countries, and also their CO2 emissions are examined by using descriptive analysis. The results should be interpreted as the CO2 emissions avoided by using nuclear energy is not vital for these countries. Moreover, the emissions could be provided by renewable energy resources.

Keywords:

nuclear energy, carbon footprint, clean energy, environmental degradation,

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