Nöronal Plastisite ve Nörodejeneratif Hastalıklarda NF-κB’nin Rolü
NF-κB yirminci yüzyılın sonlarında açığa çıkarılmış bir transkripsiyon faktörüdür. Başlarda immünhücrelerde varlığı gösterilirken ilerleyen çalışmalarda organizmadaki hemen hemen bütün hücrelerdemevcut bulunduğu ortaya konulmuştur. 500’e yakın genin aktivasyonunda yer alan NF-κB immün cevapsüreci, hücre döngüsü, sağkalımı, proliferasyonu ve gelişiminin yanı sıra plastisite ve bellek oluşumugibi mekanizmalarda da etkinlik göstermektedir. Merkezi sinir sisteminde (MSS) NF-κB uzunsüreli potansiyasyon (long-term potentiation-LTP) sağlanmasında etkinliği ile plastisiteyi vedolayısıyla bellek oluşumunu etkilemektedir. Bunlara ek olarak, nörodejenerasyonun üzerindeinflamasyonun etkisinin önemine dair çalışmalar son yıllarda artış göstermiştir. İnflamasyonun kilitmekanizmalarının bazılarında NF-κB merkezi rol oynamaktadır. Çalışmamızda plastisite ve bellekoluşum mekanizmalarına ek olarak, nörodejeneratif seyir izleyen Huntington hastalığı (HH),Parkinson hastalığı (PH), Alzheimer hastalığı (AH) ve Multiple Skleroz (MS) hastalıklarınınpatogenezinde NF-κB’nin etkileri incelenmiştir. Nöronal plastisite ve belirtilen hastalıklarınmekanizması ve patogenezinin NF-κB ile olan ilişkisine dair literatürdeki veriler taranmış vetoparlanmıştır.
THE ROLE OF NF-κB IN NEURONAL PLASTICITY AND NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES
NF-κB is a transcription factor emerged by the end of 20th century. At the beginning, NF-κB wasfound to be present in immune cells but following studies showed its presence in almost all cells inan organism. NF-κB takes part in the activation of almost 500 genes and have roles in mechanismsincluding immune response, cell cycle, cell survival, cell proliferation and development, as well asplasticity and memory formation. Long-term potentiation (LTP) of NF-κB in the central nervoussystem (CNS) affects plasticity, hence memory formation. In addition to these, studies on the effects ofinflammation on neurodegeneration showed an increase in the last years. NF-κB plays a role in someof the crucial inflammation mechanisms. In the current study, we investigated the effect of NF-κB inpathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases including Huntington’s Disease (HD), Parkinson’s Disease(PD), Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and Multiple Sclerosis (MS) in addition to the plasticity and memoryformation mechanisms. Studies in the literature on the relationship of NF-κB with neuronal plasticity,mechanisms of diseases above and pathogenesis were scanned and collected.
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