Pınar Akpınar, Elçin Günaydın, Gülşen Goncagül, Çiğdem Güceyü

Zencefil’in Antibakteriyal Etkisi

Antibiyotiklerin artan kullanımı mikroorganizmaların direnç kazanmasına neden olmuştur. Bu durumda özellikle kolay elde edilebilen, daha az yan etkiye sahip bitki kaynaklı terapötik maddelere ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.Zingiber officinale (Zencefil) eski çağlardan beri tüm dünyada doğrudan antimikrobiyal etkinliğe sahip olması nedeniyle bakteriyel enfeksiyonların tedavisinde kullanılmıştır.Çalışmada Zingiber officinale bitkisinin Soxhlette hazırlanan etanol ekstraktlarının, standart Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC-25923), Escherichia coli (ATCC-25922) ve insanlardan izole edilmiş daha önce farklı antibiyotiklere dirençli olduğu bilinen Acinetobacter baumannii ve Klebsiella pneumoniae etkenlerine karşı antibakteriyel aktivitesi ile, ampisilin (AM), sefazolin (CZ), sefuroksim (CXM), meropenem (MEM), kolistin (CL), ofloksasin (OFX), sulfametoksazol/ trimetoprim (SXT), tetrasiklin (TE), gentamisinin (GM) etkilerinin agar difüzyon yöntemi ile karşılaştırılması amaçlandı.Bu çalışmada zencefil (Zingiber officinale) ekstraktının tüm test edilmiş bakterilerden Staphylococcus aureus’a karşı 5 μL ,10 μL,15 μL ve 20 μL ekstrakt emdirilen diskler çevresinde sırasıyla 7 mm, 10 mm, 11 mm, 15 mm inhibisyon zon çapları ile ekstraktın artan miktarlarıyla etkisinin fazlalaştığı gözlendi. Escherichia coli’de ise sadece 20 μL ekstrakt uygulanan disk çevresinde 7 mm inhibisyon zon çapı saptandı. Diğer bakterilerde ise ekstraktın etkinliğinin görüldüğü bir inhibisyon zon çapı oluşmadı.Sonuç olarak, Zingiber officinale’nin yapısındaki bileşiklerin Staphylococcus aureus ve Escherichia coli’ye karşı doza bağlı olarak antibakteriyel etkinliğe sahip olması dolayısıyla ekstraktın MİK ve MBK üzerine çalışmaların yapılmasının faydalı olacağı düşünüldü.

Antibacterial Effect of Zingiber Officinale (Ginger)

The increased use of antibiotics has caused microorganisms to gain resistance. This situation requires plant-derived therapeutic agents with less side effects, which are particularly easy to obtain. Zingiber officinale has been used in the treatment of bacterial infections since ancient times because it has direct antimicrobial activity all over the world. In our study, ethanol extracts prepared from Soxhlette of Zingiber officinale plant, with antibacterial activity against the agents of Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from patients known to be resistant, Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC-25923), Escherichia coli (ATCC-25922), the antimicrobial activity of ampicillin (AM), cefazolin (CZ), cefuroxime (CXM), meropenem (MEM), colistin (CL), ofloxacin (OFX), sulphamethoxazole / trimethoprim (SXT), tetracycline (TE) and gentamicin (GM)), which are currently used, were compared with agar diffusion method. In this study, it was observed that the effect of ginger extract was increased by increasing amounts of extract with 7mm, 10mm, 11mm, 15mm inhibition zone diameters around Staphylococcus aureus against 5 μL, 10 μL, 15 μL and 20 μL extracts respectively from all tested bacteria. In the case of Escherichia coli, only 7 μM inhibition zone diameter was detected around the disk where only 20 μL extract was applied. In the other bacteria, an inhibition zone diameter, in which activity of extract observed did not occur. As a conclusion, we think that it is useful to study the MIC and MBK of the extract because the compounds of Zingiber officinale have antimicrobial activity depending on dose against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

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