Üç Farklı Akım Kontrol Yönteminin BLDC Motorlardaki Etkilerinin İncelenmesi

BLDC motorlar üstün özelliklerinden dolayı geniş bir uygulama alanında çok popüler motorlar olmuşlardır. Fırçasız motorlar ev, robotik, ofis makineleri, tıbbi, askeri ve uzay uygulamalarında, insansız hava araçlarında bu uygulamalardaki ihtiyaçları karşıladıkları için tercih edilirler. BLDC motorlar yüksek verim, hızlı dinamik cevap, lineer hız-moment karakteristiği ve yüksek hacim moment oranına sahiptirler. BLDC motorlarda hız ayarı PWM tekniği ile yapılır. Farklı PWM metotları BLDC motorlar için uygulanmaktadır. Bu PWM metotların üstünlükleri ve mahsurlu yanları bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada çok kullanılan üç değişik PWM metodu incelenmiştir. Bu metotlar; tam iletim modu, bağımsız PWM modu ve tamamlayıcı PWM modu metotlarıdır. Bu amaç için üç inverter ön sürücüsü tasarlanmış ve gerçekleştirilmiş ve metotların BLDC motor üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Tamamlayıcı PWM modlu inverterin FDAM’una hızlı bir dinamik tepki kazandırdığı görülmüştür. Tam iletim modu ile çalışan inverterin doğru akım kaynağından daha yüksek akım çekmektedir. Bağımsız PWM modlu inverterin performansının tamamlayıcı modlu inverterin performansına yakın olduğu görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

BLDC Motor, , Akım Kontrol, Darbe Genişliği Modülasyonu, BLDC Motorların Hız kontrolü.

Analysis of the Effects of Three Various Current Control Methods on BLDC Motors

Brushless direct current motors are very popular motors in a wide application area thanks to their superior features. Brushless motors are the most preferred motors in applications such as domestic, robotics, office machines, medical, military and space applications, unmanned aerial vehicles applications because they meet the special requirements of these applications. Brushless direct current (BLDC) motors have high volume torque ratio, high efficiency, fast dynamic response; they offer linear torque/speed characteristics. Speed control of BLDC motors achieves by implementing pulse width modulation (PWM) technique. Various PWM control methods are put in to use for controlling of BLDC motor speed. These PWM methods have some certain advantages and disadvantages. In this study, three current control PWM methods which are mostly used in practices are examined. These are full conduction mode, independent and complementary PWM methods. For this purpose, three BLDC motor pre-drivers have been designed and manufactured and the effects of these three drivers on the BLDC motor have been examined. It has been found that complementary PWM mode has given to BLDC motor fast dynamic response. Full conduction mode has drawn higher dc link current from DC power supply. Independent PWM method performance is very close to complementary PWM method.

Keywords:

BLDC Motor, Current Control, Pulse Width Modulation, Speed Control of BLDC Motors,

PDF

___

Arjun V N, N. H. Akhilesh, G. Balakrishnan, Vishnu T S, Sojian V. 2016. “Speed Control of a BLDC Motor Using PWM Control Technique”, Internatıonal journal of ınnovatıve research ın electrıcal, electronıcs, ınstrumentatıon and control engıneerıng (IJIREEICE), Vol. 4, Issue 6.
Batham R., Singh R. 2017, “Speed Control of Brushless DC Motor Using Different Intelligence Schemes”, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Volume: 04 Issue: 10 Oct.
D. Y. Ohm and R.J. Richard. 2002. “ Influence of PWM Schemes and Commutation Methods for DC and Brushless Motors and Drives” Drivetech, Inc. Northrop Grumman Poly-Scientific.
D.Y. Ohm and J. H. Park. 1999. “About commutatıon and current control methods for brushless motors”, 28th Annual Symposium an Incremental Motion Control Systems and Devices, San Jose, CA., Julay 26-29.
Gamazo-Real J. C., Vázquez-Sánchez E, and Gómez-Gil J. 2010. “Position and Speed Control of Brushless DC Motors Using Sensorless Techniques and Application Trends”, Sensors vol. 10, p-p. 6901-6947
https://www.efxkits.us”difference-between-insulated-gate-bipolar-transistor-igbt-and-mosfet” date of access: 03.03.2019
Lengade S.R., Mahjan D. 2018. “Speed Control of BLDC Motor by using PWMTechnique”, International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, Vol. 7, Issue 1.
Mahesh S, Amol D. and S. Shekhar. 2017. “Speed control of brushless dc (bldc) motor usıng pulse wıdth modulatıon (pwm) technıque” International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER), Volume 04, Issue 4
Ozgenel M. C. 2017. “Design, implementation, and application of 150-degree commutation VSI to improve speed range of sensored BLDC motor”, Review of Scientific Instruments 88, 095007
Pindoriya R. M., Rajendran S., Chauhan P. J. 2014. “Speed Control of BLDC Motor using Sinusoidal PWM Technique” International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development (IJAERD) ETCEE-2014 Issue, March. Patel Vinod KR Singh, Pandey A. K. 2013. “ Modelling and Performance Analysis of PID Controlled BLDC motor and Different Schemes of PWM Controlled BLDC Motor”, International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 3, Issue 4, pp. 1-14.
Sathyan A., Milivojevic N., Lee Young-Joo, Krishnamurthy M. and Emadi A. 2009. “An FPGA-Based Novel Digital PWM Control Scheme for BLDC Motor Drives” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS, VOL. 56, NO. 8.
Tade S.L., S. Ravindra and Kinkar S.V. 2016. “Digital PWM Techniques and Commutation for Brushless DC Motor Control Applications”, Review” International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Vol. 5, Issue 4.