OECD Ülkelerinde CO2 Emisyonu, Elektrik Tüketimi ve Büyüme İlişkisi

Bu çalışmada, 1980-2010 yılları arasında OECD ülkelerinde CO2 emisyonu, elektrik tüketimi ve ekonomik büyüme arasında ilişki olup olmadığı analiz edilmiştir. Panel eşbütünleşme testleri sonucunda 30 OECD ülkesinde CO2 emisyonu, Gayri Safi Yurtiçi Hasıla (GSYH) ve elektrik tüketimi arasında eşbütünleşme ilişkisi olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Uzun dönem tahminciler 30 OECD ülkesinin çoğunluğunda elektrik tüketimi ve CO2 emisyonu arasında istatistiki olarak anlamlı bir ilişkinin olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca, CO2 emisyonu ve ekonomik büyüme arasında doğrusal olmayan bir ilişkinin varlığını ifade eden Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi (ÇKE) hipotezini destekleyen sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır. Son olarak Panel Vektör Hata Düzeltme Modeli (VECM) sonuçları 30 OECD ülkesinde kısa dönemde GSYH ile CO2 emisyonu arasında tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi olduğu ve GSYH ile elektrik tüketimi arasında çift yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi olduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma, Enerji, Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi, Panel Birim Kök, Eşbütünleşme ve Panel VECM.

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In this study, it’s been analyzed that if there is the correlation between the CO emissions, electricity consumption and economic growth in the OECD countries between the years of 19802010. As a result of panel cointegration tests, it was concluded that there is cointegration relationships between CO2 emissions, Gross Domestic Product and electricity consumption. Long-term forecasts has shown that there is statistically significant relationship between electricity consumption and CO2 emissions in the majority of 30 OECD countries. Also the conclusion supporting the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis which means that there is a nonlinear relationship between CO emissions and economic growth were reached. Finally results of Panels Vector Error Correction Model are show that there is a one-way causality relationship between Gross Domestic Product and CO emissions and there is bi-directional causality relationship between Gross Domestic Product and electricity consumption in the short term

Keywords:

Sustainable Development, Energy, Environmental Kuznets Curve, Panel Unit,

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