Ahmet CEYLAN, Kahraman GÜRCAN, Mikail AKBULUT, Maryam GHADERİ

Kayseri’de yüksek şarka enfeksiyonu

Şarka (Plum Pox Virüsü-PPV) sert çekirdekli meyvelerin en önemli hastalığıdır. PPV’nin Kayseri’de bulunduğu rapor edilmiş ise de yaygınlığı üzerine çalışma yapılmamıştır. Şarka semptomları Kayseri’de yetişen sert çekirdekli meyvelerde gözlenmiştir. Kayseri il merkezinde 53, Yahyalı’da ise 10 ağaçtan örnek toplanmıştır. DASI-ELİSA (Double Antibody Sandwich Indirect-ELISA) yöntemi ve RT (Revers Transkriptaz) PCR ile örneklerde virüsün varlığı testlenmiştir. PPV-M (Markus) spesifik antiserum-AL ve P1/PM primeri kullanılarak, PPV-D (Dideron) spesifik antiserum 4D ve P1/ PD primer çifti kullanılarak PPV-M ve PPV-D ırk gruplaması yapılmıştır. RT PCR çalışmaları sonucunda Kayseri il merkezinde 47 (%89) örneğin Plum Pox Virüsü ile bulaşık olduğu bulunmuştur. RT PCR çalışmaları izolatların PPV-M ırkı olduğuna işaret etmektedir. Serolojik testlemede 33 örnek M spesifik antiserumun yanı sıra D sipesifik antiserum ile de reaksiyon göstermiştir. Benzer durumlarda yapılan detaylı çalışmalar böyle isolatların PPV-T (Turkey) olabileceği göstermiştir. Hastalık Yahyalı’da ki bir erik bahçesinde ilk defa tespit edilmiştir. Kayseri ilmerkezinin Şarka ile yoğun olarak bulaşık olduğu belirlenmiş ve dolayısıyla hastalığın Kayseri il merkezinde uzun süredir var olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Şarka hastalığı, Plum pox virus, DASI-ELISA, RT-PCR, Sert çekirdekli meyveler

Prevalence of Sharka (Plum Pox Virus) in Kayseri

Sharka cuased by Plum Pox virus is the most detrimental disease of stone fruits. Existence of PPV in Kayseri was reported previously. However prevalence of PPV was unknown to the date. Surveys were conducted and symptoms on stone fruits wereobserved to determine andassessthe prevalence of Sharka disease in Kayseri. Fifty three samples showing the symptoms in Kayseri city center were collected randomly. In Yahyalı, 10 samples including symptomless samples in an infected plum orchard were collected. Double Antibody Sandwich Indirect-ELISA (DASI-ELISA) and Reverse Transcriptase (RT) PCR were performed to test the virus existence. PPV-D (Dideron) subgrouping with PPV-D specific antibody 4D and primer pairs P1/ PDand PPV-M (Marcus) subgrouping with M specific AL antibody and primer pairs P1/ PM was conducted. In Kayseri city center, 47 samples (89%) were found to be PPV infected. RT PCR results suggested that all positive samples are PPV-M. However, Of the 47 positive samples 33 reacted both against to PPM-D and PPV-M specificantibodies. Previous researches showed that some of this kind of ambiguous isolates could be PPV-T (Turkey). The diseasewere determined first time in a seven years old plum orchard in Yahyalı. The prevalence of PPV in Kayseri were found to be high suggesting that the disease in exist in Kayseri for a long time.

Keywords:

Sharka disease, Plum pox virus, DASI-ELISA, RT-PCR, Stone fruits,

PDF

___

Glasa, M., Malinowski, T., Predajna, L., Pupola, N., Dekena,
D., Michalczuk, L., and Candresse, T., Sequence Variability,
Recombination Analysis, and Spesific Detection of the W
Strain of Plum Pox virus, the American Phytopahological
Society, Vol 101, No. 8, p 980-985, 2011.
Cambra, M., Capote, N., Myrta, A., Llácer, G.,Plum Pox
Virus And The Estimated Costs Associated With Sharka
Disease. EPPO Bull 36: 202–204, 2006.
Maejima, K., Himeno, M., Komatsu, K.,Takinami, Y., Hashimoto, Takahashi, S., Yamaji, Y., Oshima, K., Namba, S., Molecular Epidemiology of Plum Pox virus in Japan, The American Phytopathological society, Vol. 101, No.5, 2011.
Sahityancı, S., Virus De La Sharka Chez Le Prunier. Bulletin Phytosanitaire FAO 17:69, 1969.
Elibüyük, I. Ö, Natural Spread of Plum pox virus in Ankara, Turkey. J. Phytopathol, 151: 617–619. 2003.
Sertkaya, G, Ulubas, C, Caglayan, K,. Detection and Characterisation of Plum pox virus (PPV) by DAS-ELISA and RT-PCR/RFLP Analysis in Turkey. Turk. J. Agric. For, 27: 213–220, 2003.
Elibüyük, I. Ö, Current Situation of Sharka Disease in Ankara, Turkey. Phytoparasitica, 32: 417–420, 2004.
Elibüyük, I. Ö, Detection of Plum Pox Virus in Ornamental Prunus Cerasifera. Phytoparasitica, 34: 347– 352, 2006.
Koç, G., and Baloğlu, S., Firt Report of Sharka in the Çukurova Region of Turkey. Journal of Plant Pathology, 88, s68, 2006.
Akbaş, B., Değirmenci, K., Çiftçi, O., Kaya, A., Yurtmen, M., Uzunoğulları, N., Çelik, N., and Türkölmez, Ş., Update on Plum pox virus Distribution in Turkey, Phytoparhol. Mediterr. 50, 75-83, 2011.
Koç, G., ve Baloğlu, S., Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesinde Sert Çekirdekli Meyvelerde Plum Pox Potyvirüs (PPV)’ünün Durumunun (Determination and Characterization of Plum pox potyvirus (PPV) on Stone Fruits in Eastern Mediterranean Region). Türkiye IV. Bitki Koruma Kongresi Bildirileri, Kahramanmaraş s71, 2011. ve Karakterizasyonu
Ulubaş Serçe, U., Gazel, M., Çağlayan, K.,. Plum pox virus streynlerinin Türkiye’deki Dağılımı (Distribution of Plum pox virus strains in Turkey). Türkiye IV. Bitki Koruma Kongresi Bildirileri, Kahramanmaraş s72, 2011.
Kegler, H., Fuchs, E., Grüntzing, M., Schwarz, S., Some Results of 50 Years of Research on the Resistance to Plum pox virus, Acta Virol. 42, 200-215, 1998.
Kerlan, C., Dunez, J., Some Properties of Plum pox virus and Its Nucleic Acid And Protein Components. Acta Hort. 67, 185-192, 1976.
Wetzel, T., Candresse, T., Ravelonandro, M., and Dunez, J., A Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay Adapted to Plum pox Potyvirus detection. J. Virol. Methods, 33:335-365, 1991.
Nemeth, M., History and İmportance of Plum pox in Stone Fruit production, EPPO Bull, 24:525-536, 1994.
Nemchinov, L., Hadidi, A., Characterization of the Sour Cherry Strain of Plum pox virus, Phytopathology 86, 575- 580, 1996.
Candresse, T., Cambra, M., Causal Agent Of Sharka Disease: Historical Perspective And Current Status Of Plum pox Virus Strains. EPPO/OEPP Bull. 36, 239-246, 2006.
Ulubaş Serçe, Ç., Candresse, T., Svanella-Dumas, L., Krizbai, L., Gazel, M., and Çağlayan, K., Further Characterization Of A New Recombinant Group Of Plum pox V,Rus İsolates, PPV-T, Found İn Orchards İn The Ankara Province Of Turkey. Virus Research 142, 121- 126, 2009.
Predajna, L., Subr, Z., Candresse, T., Glasa, M., Evoluation Of The Genetic Diversty Of Plum Pox Virus İn A Single Plum Tree, Virus Research, 167, 112-117, 2012.
FAO, Food Agricultre Organization of the United Nations, 2010.
Cambra, M., Asensıo, M., Gorrıs, M.T., Pérez, E., Camarasa, E., Garcıa, J.A., Moyaj, J.J., Lopez-abella, D., Vela, C., and Sanz, A.,Detection of Plum pox Potyvirus Using Monoclonal Antibodies To Structural And Non- Structural Proteins. Bulletin OEPP/EPPO Bulletin, 24: 569- 577, 1994.
Olmos, A., Cambra, M., Dası, MA., Candresse, T., Esteban, O., Gorris, M.T., Asensio, M., (1997) Simultaneous detection and typing of plum pox potyvirus (PPV) isolates by Virological Methods, 68: 127–137 and PCR-ELISA. Journal of
Elibüyük, İ.Ö., Ankara’da Şeftali Ağaçlarında Görülen Şarka Hastalığı Üzerinde Araştırmalar, Tarım Bilimleri dergisi, 11(3), 236-243, 2005.
İlbağı,H., Cıtır, A., Bostan, H., Prunus spinosa L. A natural wild host of Some İmportant Fruit Viruses in Tekirdağ, Turkey, Proceedings of the Twentieth İnternational Symposium on Virus and Virus-like Diseases of Temperate Fruit Crops, Fruit Tree Diseases, Antalya, Turkey. Acta Horticulturae 781:33-36, 2008.
Çıtır, A., and İlbağ, H., Serological İdentification of Some İmportant Viruses on Fruit Trees and Bushes in Tekirdağ Prvince of Turkey, Proceedings of the Twentieth İnternational Symposium on Virus and Virus-like Diseases of Temperate Fruit Crops, Fruit Tree Diseases, Antalya, Turkey. Acta Horticulturae 781: 103-106, 2008.