Karanlık Videolarda Orman Yangını Tespitine Yönelik Uzaysal- Zamansal Nesne Öznitelikleri

Bu makalede, karanlık videolardan orman yangınının tespitine yönelik bir yöntem önerilmiştir. Gündüz orman yangınlarından farklı olarak, karanlık videolarda yangının kendisi de çevresi de görsel olarak açıkça algılanabilir bir desene sahip değildir. Karanlık videolardaki yangının bunun gibi kendine özgü görsel özellikleri, tanımlayıcı nesne öznitelikleri çıkarmayı zorlaştırmaktadır. Bu makale, karanlıkta parlayan nesneleri takip edip, uzaysal-zamansal davranışlarına dayalı öznitelikleri çıkararak bu zorlayıcı duruma çözüm üretmektedir. Önerilen özniteliklerin, videoda şehir ışıkları, el fenerleri, araba farları ve olay yerindeki yansımalar gibi aldatıcı ışık kaynakları olsa bile, orman yangınlarını %90'ın üzerinde doğrulukla sınıflandırmak için yeterince temsil edici olduğu deneysel olarak gösterilmiştir. Ayrıca, aynı uzaysal-zamansal öznitelik kümesinde topluluk ve çekirdek tabanlı sınıflandırma yöntemleri gibi çeşitli geleneksel makine öğrenmesi algoritmaları da karşılaştırma amacıyla denenmiştir. Kapsamlı deneysel test sonuçları, en yüksek tespit doğruluğunun, önerilen uzaysal-zamansal öznitelik kümesinin Rastgele Orman sınıflandırma yöntemi elde edildiğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Video tabanlı yangın tespiti, SVM, Çoğunluk Oylaması, Rastgele Orman, Adaboost, IBk

Spatio-temporal Object Features for Wildfire Detection in Dark Videos

In this paper, a wildfire detection algorithm from dark videos is proposed. Unlike the daytime wildfires, in the dark videos, neither the fire nor its surrounding has visually clearly perceptible texture. Its unique visual characteristics make it challenging to extract descriptive object features. This paper addresses the challenging problem by tracking the glowing objects in the darkness and extracting features based on the spatio-temporal behavior of them. It is experimentally shown that the proposed features are descriptive enough to classify wildfires with over 90% accuracy even there exists deceptive light sources such as city lights, flashlights, car headlights and reflections in the scene. Moreover, we investigate several conventional machine learning algorithms such as ensemble and kernel-based methods on the same spatio-temporal feature set. Comprehensive empirical test results demonstrate that the most accurate detection is obtained when the spatio-temporal feature set is classified using Random Forest.

Keywords:

Video based fire detection, SVM, majority voting, Random Forest, AdaBoostM1, IBk,

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