LOJİSTİK SEKTÖRÜNDE ENDÜSTRİ 4.0 TEKNOLOJİLERİNİN ÖNÜNDEKİ ENGELLERİN BULANIK DELPHİ YÖNTEMİYLE İNCELENMESİ

Endüstri 4.0 teknolojileri işletmelere büyük fırsatlar sunmaktadır. Fakat işletmelerin bu teknolojilere adapte olmaları, karşılaşacakları zorluklar nedeniyle kolay olmayacaktır. Endüstri 4.0 teknolojilerinin her sektör için sunacağı fırsatlar farklılık göstermekle birlikte, söz konusu teknolojilerin uygulanmasında işletmelerin karşılaşacakları zorluklarda sektörel bağlamda değişikliler gösterecektir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, lojistik sektöründe Endüstri 4.0 teknolojilerinin benimsenmesinin ve uygulanmasının önündeki engelleri belirlemek ve önem derecelerini ortaya koymaktır. Yürütülen literatür taraması ve uzman görüşmeleri sonrasında lojistik sektörüne yönelik 5 temel boyut altında toplamda 32 engel belirlenmiştir. Ardından bulanık Delphi yöntemi kullanılarak yapılan analiz sonucunda 14 engelin ortalamanın üzerinde ağırlığa sahip olduğu görülmüş ve seçilen bu engeller tartışılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre en önemli ilk üç engelin sırasıyla; “Tepe yönetimin Endüstri 4.0 hakkında farkındalığının olmaması”, “Dijital strateji eksikliği” ve “Uygulamada metodoloji eksikliği” olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışma, Endüstri 4.0 teknolojilerine uyum engellerini lojistik sektörü bağlamında inceleyen ilk araştırmalardan biri olması nedeniyle literatürdeki önemli bir boşluğu doldurmaktadır. Ayrıca çalışma, yararlanılan yöntem bakımından da orijinallik sunmaktadır. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulguların Endüstri 4.0 teknolojilerini uygulamak isteyen lojistik sektör yöneticilerine ve araştırmacılara yol gösterici olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Endüstri 4.0 Teknolojileri, Engeller, Lojistik Sektörü, Bulanık Delphi Yöntemi

EXAMINING THE BARRIERS OF INDUSTRY 4.0 TECHNOLOGIES IN THE LOGISTICS SECTOR USING FUZZY DELPHI METHOD

Industry 4.0 technologies provide excellent opportunities to companies. However, it will not be easy for companies to adopt to these technologies due to the challenges they will encounter. While the opportunities presented by Industry 4.0 technologies for each industry, the barriers faced by businesses in the application of these technologies will also vary in the sectoral context. The main purpose of this study is to identify the barriers to the adoption and implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies in the logistics sector and to reveal their degree of importance. After the literature review and expert opinions, a total of 32 barriers were determined under 5 basic dimensions for the logistics sector. Then, as a result of the analysis through the fuzzy Delphi method, it was seen that the weight value of 14 barriers was higher than the average and these selected barriers are discussed. According to the findings of the research, the three most important barriers are determined respectively as "The lack of awareness of the top management about Industry 4.0", "Lack of digital strategy" and "Lack of methodology in the application". This research fills an essential gap in the literature, as it is one of the first studies to examine the obstacles to adopting Industry 4.0 technologies in the context of the logistics sector. In addition, this paper also ensures originality in terms of the method. The findings obtained as a result of the research will guide the logistics sector managers and researchers who want to apply industry 4.0 technologies.

Keywords:

Industry 4.0 Technologies, Barriers, Logistics Sector, Fuzzy Delphi Method,

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