Utilization of Stress Tolerant Local Genotypes in Wheat Breeding Program in Context to Global Climate Change

Global climate change is one of the most important factors threatening world food security. Agriculture has a key role in the sustainability of life. The weakest aspect of agricultural production is that it is very susceptible to the effects of changes in climate factors. At the beginning of climate change in the world and in our country, increasing air temperatures and drought generated attention. Cereals have a very important role in ensuring world food security. Wheat has the maximum cultivated area among cereals and is mostly grown in rain-fed areas. Global climate change and consequent environmental stress factors cause significant yield losses in wheat. Many preventive measures are being taken to reduce the impacts of global climate change. One of these measures is to improve new wheat varieties that are resistant or tolerate to environmental stress factors. The greatest need for wheat breeding programs is the availability of appropriate genetic resources and genotypic diversity that can adapt to changing climatic conditions. In this context, local varieties offer an important potential of gene resources in terms of resistance to marginal climatic conditions. In Turkey, local varieties have been widely used in breeding programs since the 1960’s. Gerek 79 (BW), Dağdaş-94 (BW) and Kızıltan-91 (DW), most tolerant varieties in dry conditions, have been widely grown during winter in /facultative regions. Those varieties have local hybrid varieties such as Yayla-305, Ankara-093/44 and Uveyik, respectively

Keywords:

Breeding, climate change, drought landraces, wheat,

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