Tarkan KAÇMAZ, Fulya TÜRK, Mustafa TERCAN, Abbas TÜRNÜKLÜ

Gruplararası Tutum: Aynı Sınıflarda Eğitim Gören, Türkiyeli ve Suriyeli İlkokul Öğrencilerinin Birbirlerine Yönelik Tutumlarına ilişkin Okul Psikolojik Danışmanlarının Deneyimleri

Bu çalışmanın amacı, aynı sınıflarda birlikte eğitim gören Türkiyeli ve Suriyeli ilkokul öğrencilerinin birbirlerine ilişkin tutumlarını, okul psikolojik danışmanlarının deneyimleri çerçevesinde incelemektedir. Çalışma, nitel araştırma yaklaşımlarından fenomenolojik yaklaşım kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada veri toplamak için yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada veriler, 8 erkek, 32 kadın olmak üzere toplam 40 psikolojik danışman ile görüşme yapılarak toplanmıştır. Nitel veriler tematik analiz tekniği kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda, Türkiyeli ve Suriyeli ilkokul öğrencilerinin birbirlerine ilişkin tutumlarının oluşmasında etkili olan temaların başında, aynı sınıfta birlikte eğitim görmelerinin, ortak dilin ve iletişim kapasitesinin, gruplararası temasın ve arkadaşlığın, kabul edilme/ait olma duygularının, dışla(n)ma ve kendini üstün görme algısının, iç-grup dayanışmasının, özgüvenin, akademik başarının, öğretmen davranışlarının ve öğrencilerin ailelerinin dış-gruba ilişkin tepkilerinin geldiği saptanmıştır. Bu bağlamda, aynı sınıflarda birlikte eğitim gören Türkiyeli ve Suriyeli öğrencilerin, sınıf içinde ve dışında doğrudan temas edecekleri ve birlikte görev alacakları karma etkinliklerin planlanıp, yapılandırılarak sıkça uygulanmasının, gruplararası olumlu tutumları geliştireceği söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Gruplararası tutum, gruplararası temas

Intergroup Attitudes: School Counselors' Experiences Regarding the Attitudes of Turkish and Syrian Primary School Classmates towards each other

The purpose of this study was to analyze the attitudes of Turkish and Syrian elementary school classmates towards each other within the framework of school psychological counselors' experiences. The study was carried out utilizing a phenomenological approach which is one of the qualitative research approaches. Semi-structured interview technique was used to collect data. The data were collected by interviewing a total of 40 school psychological counselors (8 males, 32 females). Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis technique. As a result of the research, the prevalent themes that are effective in the development of Turkish and Syrian elementary school classmates' attitudes towards each other were found to be their sharing the same classroom, the common language and communication capabilities, intergroup contact and friendship, feelings of acceptance / belonging, exclusion and being excluded, perceived superiority, in-group solidarity, self-esteem, academic performance, teacher behaviors, and students’ families’ reactions against the out-group. Within this context, it can be concluded that planning and implementing mixed activities in and out of the classroom that would engage Turkish and Syrian students and allow them to have contact is likely to help develop positive intergroup attitudes.

Keywords:

Intergroup attitude, intergroup contact,

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