Melike ÇETİNBAŞ, Hasan Cumhur SARISU, Sinan BUTAR

‘Monroe’ şeftali çeşidinde farklı terbiye sistemleri, dikim sıklıkları ve ağaç yüksekliklerinde ilkbahar geç donlarının etkilerinin belirlenmesi

Amaç: Çalışmanın başlıca amacı, düşük sıcaklık ile oluşan dişi organ zararlanma oranının farklı dikim mesafeleri, değişik terbiye sistemleri ile ağaçların yükseklikleri arasında değişip değişmediğini tespit etmektir. Materyal ve Yöntem: Farklı terbiye sistemlerinde ve dikim mesafelerinde yetiştirilen Monroe/GF 677 şeftali ağaçlarının çiçekleri, pembe tomurcuk döneminde, sıcaklıkları -0.33 ile -1.23 °C, saat 05:00-7:00 arasında meydana gelen dondan sonraki 1. günde (1 Nisan sabahı), farklı dikim mesafeleriyle dikilmiş, İnce İğ, Y-Trellis, Merkezi Lider ve Goble terbiye sistemlerindeki ağaçlarının 4 tarafından ve hem 1m hem de 2m yüksekliklerinde 100’er adet toplanmıştır. Araştırma Bulguları: Dişi organların zararlanma oranları destekli sistemlerde yetiştirilen İnce İğ sisteminde % 5.05 Y-Trellis sisteminde ise % 2.05 olarak elde edilmiştir. Desteksiz sistemlerde ise, Merkezi Lider sistemi ile yetiştirilen ağaçlarda Goble sistemine göre daha az don zararı gerçekleşmiştir. Sonuç: Şeftali yetiştiriciliği için destekli sistemlerde Y-Trellis, desteksiz sistemlerde ise Merkezi Lider terbiye sistemi, daha az don zararı ile sonuçlanmıştır ve bu nedenle şeftali yetiştiriciliğinde verimlilik açısından daha iyi bir sistem oldukları belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Don zararı, Düşük sıcaklık, Dişi organ zararlanması, Bitki yönetimi, Y-Trellis

Determination of late spring frost effects on Monroe peach cultivars in different training systems, planting intervals and height of flower

Objective: Main purpose of this study is to determine whether the rates of frost damages on pistils caused by the lower temperature varies between different planting distances and the different training systems with the heights of the peach trees. Material and Methods: The flowers of Monroe/GF 677 peach trees grown in different training systems and planting distances, in the pink bud period, on the 1nd day after the frost that occurred in the period, morning of April 1, hours 5:00 AM-7:00 AM, temperatures -0.33 to -1.23° C, 3 replicates with 100 flowers in each replicate were collected from 4 sides of Slender Spindle, Y-Trellis, Central Leader and Open Vase trees planted with different planting distances from both 1m and 2m height. Results: The frost damage rates have been obtained as 5.05% for Slender Spindle training system and 2.05% for Y-Trellis training system in the support systems. In unsupported systems, peach cultivation with the Central Leader training system caused less frost damage. Conclusion: Y-Trellis cultivation system in supported systems and Central Leader in unsupported systems for peach cultivation resulted less frost damage and therefore it was suggested that they were a better systems in terms of productivity.

Keywords:

Frost damage, Low temperature, Pistils hardness, Plant management, Y-Trellis,

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