Farklı Vitis Türlerine Mensup Üzüm Çeşit/Genotiplerinde Bazı Fenolik Madde Değişimlerinin Belirlenmesi

Amaç: Bu çalışmada farklı türlere mensup üzüm çeşit/genotiplerinin külleme ve mildiyö hastalıkları sonrasında yapraklarındaki bazı fenolik madde değişimleri iki yıl süre ile incelenerek hastalıklara dayanıklılık ile bu bileşenler arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir.Materyal ve Metot: Çalışmada 2 V. labrusca genotipi, 11 V. vinifera çeşit/genotipi ve 2 türler arası melez çeşit ile çalışılmıştır. Çeşit/genotiplere mildiyö ve külleme hastalığı suni inokülasyon ile uygulanmış ve akabinde, hastalık öncesi ve sonrasında alınan yaprak örneklerindeki toplam fenolik madde miktarı (spektrofotometrik), antioksidan aktivitesi (spektrofotometrik), rutin (HPLC) ve klorogenik asit (HPLC) değişimleri incelenmiştir.Bulgular: Üzüm çeşit ve genotiplerinde mildiyö ve külleme hastalıkları sonrasında toplam fenol miktarı ile antioksidan aktivitesinde ciddi artışlar görülmesine karşılık; rutin ve klorogenik asit miktarlarında ise çeşit veya genotipe ayrıca hastalığa bağlı olarak farklılıklar görülmüştür. Çalışma sonucunda FX1-1 genotipi hastalıklara dayanıklılığı ve farklı fenolik bileşenleri yüksek miktarda içermesi sebebiyle dikkat çekici bulunmuştur.Sonuç: Benzer pek çok çalışmada olduğu gibi özellikle toplam fenol miktarı ve antioksidan aktivitesinde hastalıklar sonrasında ciddi artışlar olduğu görülürken diğer bileşenlerdeki artışların değişkenlik gösterdiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmada kullanılan çeşit/genotiplerin büyük bir kısmının hastalık inokülasyon sonuçlarına göre dayanıklı ve tolerant oldukları belirlenirken sınırlı sayıda çeşit/genotipin ise özellikle külleme yönünden hassas oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Bundan sonraki çalışmalarda toplam fenol miktarı ve antioksidan aktivitesindeki artışlar üzerine yoğunlaşarak neden arttıkları ve hastalıklara dayanıklılıkta ne gibi etkileri olduğu konusunda kapsamlı çalışmalar yapılması yararlı olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Fenolikler, Vitis, biyotik stres, hastalık, dayanıklılık

Determination of Some Phenolic Substance Changes in Cultivar/Genotypes of Different Vitis Species

Objective: In this study, the phenolic changes in the leaves of grape cultivars/genotypes belonging to different species and powdery also downy mildew diseases were examined for two years and the relationship between resistance to diseases and these components were evaluated.Material and Methods: 2 V. labrusca genotypes, 11 V. vinifera species/genotypes and 2 interspecies hybrids were studied. Mildew and powdery mildew disease was applied by artificial inoculation to species/genotypes and then total phenol content (spectrophotometric), antioxidant activity (spectrophotometric), routine (HPLC) and chlorogenic acid (HPLC) changes in leaf samples before and after the diseases were examined.Results: Although there was a significant increase in total phenol content and antioxidant activity after the diseases, there were differences in the amount of routine and chlorogenic acid. In addition, the study concluded that the FX1-1 was the most remarkable genotype because it was resistant to both diseases and contained a high amount of different phenolic compounds.Conclusion: As in many similar studies, it was observed that there were serious increases especially after the diseases in total phenol content and antioxidant activities. Most of the cultivars/genotypes used in the study were found to be resistant and tolerant according to the disease inoculation results. In the future studies, it will be useful to conduct comprehensive studies on the effects of total phenol content and antioxidant activity on the increase of the cause and the effects on the resistance to diseases.

Keywords:

Phenolics, vitis, biyotic stres, disease, resistance,

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