Common-Rail Dizel Motorda Aspir Biyodizeli ile Eurodizel Karışımlarının Motor Performansı ve Emisyonlarına Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Bu çalışmada transesterifikasyon yöntemi ile Aspir yağından biyodizel üretilmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan deney motoru, common-rail yakıt sistemine sahip, su soğutmalı ve 4-silindirli 4 zamanlı diesel motorudur. Üretilen biyodizelden B2 (%2 Aspir biyodizeli, %98 Eurodizel), B10 ve B50 karışımları hazırlanmış, referans yakıt olarak da Eurodizel kabul edilmiş ve sonuçlar karşılaştırmalı olarak verilmiştir. Biyodizel kullanıldığında motor performansında gözlenen değişikliklerde başlıca etken yakıtın ısıl değerinin Eurodizele göre düşük olmasıdır. Kısmi yük şartlarında biyodizelin bünyesindeki oksijenin yakıtın oksidasyonunu iyileştirmesi sonucu motor gücünde artış olmuştur. Emisyon değişimleri alternatif yakıtların üretmiş olduğu emisyonlar bakımından referans yakıt ile uyum içerisinde yer alırken artma ve azalma oranlarında kısmı farklılıklar oluşturmaktadır. Deneylerde kullanılan motorun yakıtı çok yüksek basınç altında tutmasından dolayı HC emisyonları diğer motorlara göre düşük çıkmıştır. Biyodizel kullanımında, yakıt içeriğinde oksijen bulunması sebebi ile egzoz gazlarındaki NOx miktarında artış olmuştur. Yapılan bu çalışmada da egzoz gazları içindeki NOx miktarının en fazla B100 yakıtında olduğu görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Biyodizel, aspir, common-rail, motor performansı, emisyonlar

Investigation of The Effects of Safflower Biodiesel Blends with Eurodiesel Fuel on Engine Performance and Emissions in Common-Rail Diesel Engine

ln this study, produced by the transesterification method safflower methyl ester material is used. Trials, 4-stroke, 4-cylinder, with engine test was conducted in a water-cooled engine has common rail fuel system. And B2 (2% v safflower biodiesel - 98% Eurodiesel), B10 and B50 biodiesel-Eurodiesel fuel blends have been accepted as the reference fuel. The results are given in comparatively. The main factor of the observed changes in engine performance when biodiesel is used is the low calorific value fuel compared to Eurodiesel fuel. There is an increase in engine power as a result of the improvement of the fuel oxidation of oxygen in the body of biodiesel in the partial load conditions. While emission changes are taking place in accordance with the terms of reference fuel emission produced by alternative fuels, it has constructed the partial differences in the rate of increase and decrease. Due to the fact that the engine used in the experiments keeps the fuel under a very high pressure, HC emissions are lower than the other engines.

Keywords:

Biodiesel, safflower, common-rail, engine performance, emissions,

PDF

___

Acaroğlu, M., Oğuz, H. and Öğüt, H., 2001, An Investigation On The Use Of Rape Seed Oil In Agricultural Tractors As In Engine Oil. Energy Sources, Volume 23, pp. 823-830 Number 9, Taylor&Francis. USA.
Agarwal, A.K. and Rajamanoharan, K., 2009, Experimental Investigations Of Performance And Emissions Of Karanja Oil And Its Blends In A Single Cylinder Agricultural Dizel Engine, Applied Energy, 86, 106-112
Aydın, H. (2016). Scrutinizing the combustion, performance and emissions of safflower biodiesel–kerosene fueled diesel engine used as power source for a generator, Energy Conversion and Management, Volume 117, Pages 400-409
Babaoğlu,M. ve Nazlıcan, A.N., 2007, Safflower, Soybean Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Publication Department, Ankara, 35-36
BP, 2015. “Primary Energy.” Statistical Review of World Energy June 2015, no. June: 5. http://www.bp.com/content/dam/bp/pdf/Energy-economics/statistical-review-2015/bp-statistical-review-of-world-energy-2015-primary-energy-section.pdf.
BP, 2016, “BP Energy Outlook 2016 Edition. Outlook to 2035.”
Eryılmaz, T., Yesilyurt, M.K. (2016). Influence of blending ratio on the physicochemical properties of safflower oil methyl ester-safflower oil, safflower oil methyl ester-diesel and safflower oil-diesel, Renewable Energy, Volume 95, Pages 233-247
IEA, 2010. “World Energy Outlook.” doi:10.1787/weo-2005-en.
IEA, 2013. “Renewable Energy.” World Energy Outlook 2013, 197–232.http://www.worldenergyoutlook.org/media/weowebsite/ 2013/WEO2013_Ch06_Renewables.pdf\nhttp://www.worldenergyoutlook.org/publications/weo-2013/.
IEA, 2015a. “Key World Energy Statistics 2015,” 81. doi:10.1787/ 9789264039537-en.
IEA, 2015b. “World Energy Outlook 2015 Factsheet.” Global Energy Trends to 2040:The Energy Sector and Climate Change in the Run-up to COP21, 1–4. doi:10.1787/20725302.
IEA, 2015c. “World Energy Outlook 2015.” World Energy Outlook 2015: Presentation to the Press, London, 10 November 2015, no. November. http://www.worldenergyoutlook.org/media/weowebsite/ 2015/ 151110_WEO2015_presentation.pdf.
İlkılıç, C., Aydın, S., Behcet, R., AydIn, H. (2011). Biodiesel Fuel Processing Technology, Volume 92, Issue 3, March 2011, Pages 356-362
Mihaela, P., Josef, R., Monica, N., Rudolf, Z. (2013). Perspectives of safflower oil as biodiesel source for South Eastern Europe (comparative study: Safflower, soybean and rapeseed), Fuel, Volume 111, Pages 114-119
Muciño, G.G. Romero, R. Ramírez, Martínez, A.S.L., Baeza-Jiménez, R., Natividad, R. (2014). Biodiesel production from used cooking oil and sea sand as heterogeneous catalyst, Fuel, Volume 138, Pages 143-148
Öğüt, H., Eryılmaz, T. ve Oğuz, H. 2007, Some of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) A comparative study of the type produced Biodiesel Fuel Properties, 1st National Oil Crops and Biodiesel Symposium, pp.13-19.
Öğüt, H., Oğuz H., Bacak S., Mengeş H. O., Köse A., Eryılmaz T., 2011, Balcı Çeşit Aspirin Biyodizel Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi, Enerji tarımı ve Biyoyakıtlar Çalıştayı, Konya
Özçelik, A.E. (2011). Single Cylinder of safflower biodiesel and diesel fuel with a mixture Determining the Effects of Lubricating Oil in Diesel Engines, PhD Thesis, Selcuk University, Institute of Science, Konya,
Özsezen, A.N., ve Çanakçı, M., 2008, Investigation of Waste Frying Oil Methyl Ester Obtained From The Front Room Of Combustion Use A Diesel Engine Performance and Emissions Impact, Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 23 /2/ 395-404
Öztürk, Ö., Uyanöz, R., Ada, R. ve Karaca, Ü. (2010). Different Forms of Phosphorus Fertilizer in Aspen and Administration Application (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Effect of Oil Yield, Ege University. Journal of Agriculture. Special Issue (5th National Congress of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer), pp.197-202,
Pieprzyk, B., Kortlüke, N. and Hilje, P.R., 2009, The İmpact Of Fossil Fuels, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Environmental Consequences And Socio-Economic Effects, ERA – Energy Research Architecture, Final Report, 225-232
Pourzolfaghar, H., Abnisa, F., Wan Daud, W.M.A., Aroua, M.K. (2016). A review of the enzymatic hydroesterification process for biodiesel production, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 61, Pages 245-257
Sajjadi, B., Raman, A.A.A., Arandiyan, H. (2016). A comprehensive review on properties of edible and non-edible vegetable oil-based biodiesel: Composition, specifications and prediction models, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 63, Pages 62-92
Saluja, R.K., Kumar, V., Sham, R. (2016). Stability of biodiesel – A review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 62, Pages 866-881
Shahrokhnia, M. H., Sepaskhah, A.R. (2016). Effects of irrigation strategies, planting methods and nitrogen fertilization on yield, water and nitrogen efficiencies of safflower, Agricultural Water Management, Volume 172, Pages 18-30
Thangaraja, J., Anand, K., Mehta, P.S. (2016). Biodiesel NOx penalty and control measures - a review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 61, Pages 1-24
Thomas, T.P., David M., Dick B., Auld, L. (2012). Viscosity reduction of castor oil esters by the addition of diesel, safflower oil esters and additives, Industrial Crops and Products, Volume 36, Issue 1, Pages 267-270
Weiss, E.A., 2000, Safflower, In: Oilseed Crops, Blackwell Sci. Ltd., Victoria Australia, pp.93-97