Obstrüktif Uyku Apne Sendromunda Tanı ve TedaviYöntemlerinde Güncel Yaklaşımlar

Obstrüktif Uyku Apnesi Sendromu (OUAS), üst solunum yollarının kısmen veya tamamen tıkanması ve oksijen desatürasyonu ilekarakterize karmaşık bir hastalıktır. OUAS prevalansı çok yüksektir ve tüm dünyada birçok insan bu rahatsızlıktan muzdariptir.OUAS’nın en yaygın sonuçları; üst hava yolu kollapsı, horlama ve solunumun durmasıdır. Teşhis ve tedavi temel bir öneme sahiptirve iş birliği yapan birçok uzmanlık alanı içermektedir. Hastalığın tanısında, gece boyunca yapılan polisomnografi (PSG) altınstandart olarak kabul edilmektedir. Tedavi seçenekleri, hastalığın ciddiyetine ve hastanın beklentilerine göre seçilmelidir. SürekliPozitif Havayolu Basıncı (CPAP; SPHB) tedavisi, oral aparey tedavisi ve mandibuler ilerletme cerrahisi yaygın olarak tercih edilentedavi yöntemleridir. SPHB tedavisi halen OUAS tedavisinde altın standart olarak kabul edilmektedir. Mandibuler ilerletme apareyi,SPHB tedavisi ile karşılaştırıldığında, hastalara kullanım kolaylığı sağladığı için klinisyenler ve hastalar tarafından tercihedilmektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı, hastaya uygun tedavi yönteminin seçilmesi ve uygulanması açısından OUAS ile ilgili mevcuttanı ve tedavi yöntemleri hakkında bilgi vermektir.

Current Approaches in Diagnosis and Treatment Modalities of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a complex disease characterized with partial or complete obstruction of the upperrespiratory tract and oxygen desaturation. The prevelance is high and a lot of people suffer from this disorder all around the world.The most common results of OSAS are upper airway collapse, snoring and respiratory arrest. Diagnosing and treating is offundamental importance, and involves multiple specialties cooperating. Full overnight polysomnography (PSG) is the gold standardfor diagnosis. The treatment options should be choosen according to the severity of the disease and patient’s expectations.Treatment options are divided into two as surgical and non-surgical options. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP)treatment, oral appliance therapy and mandibular advancement surgery are the commonly preferred treatment modalities. CPAPtreatment is still accepted as the gold standard in treatment of OSAS. The mandibuler advancement appliance is preferred by theclinicians and the patients, due to their ease of use when compared with CPAP treatment. The aim of this review is to report currentdiagnosis and treatment methods related to OSAS in terms of choosing and applying the appropriate treatment method to thepatient.

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