mplant Çevresi Hastalıkları: Peri-implant Mukositis Ve Periimplantitis

Eksik dişler nedeniyle kaybedilmiş olan estetik ve fonksiyonu düzeltebilmek amacıyla gerçekleştirilen implant uygulamaları son yıllarda hız kazanmıştır. İmplant uygulamalarının artması ile implant çevresi yumuşak dokularda enflamasyonla karakterize peri-implant mukozitis ve implant çevresi kemikte rezorbsiyonla karakterize peri-implantitis daha sık görülmeye başlamıştır. İmplant çevresi enflamatuvar hastalıkların da temel nedeni mikrobiyal dental plak birikimidir, ancak periodontitis hikayesi, sigara kullanımı ve bazı sistemik hastalıklar gibi risk faktörleri de hastalığın başlangıcı ve ilerlemesinde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Cerrahisiz tedavi peri-implant mukozitis tedevisinde başarı ile uygulanabilirken, periimplantitis tedavisinde etkisi sınırlı olmaktadır. Bu nedenle peri-implantitis tedavisinde kemik defektinin şekline göre rezektif, rejeneratif ya da rezektif ve rejeneratif tedaviler bir arada kullanılabilir. Bu tedaviye ek olarak, antimikrobiyallerden, fotodinamik tedaviden ve hatta antibiyotiklerden de faydalanılabilir, ancak bu tedavilerin etkisinin de sınırlı olduğu bildirilmiştir. Bu derlemenin amacı, implant çevresi hastalıkların prevalans, tanı, risk faktörleri ve tedavisi ile birlikte incelenmesidir.

Peri-Implant Diseases: Peri-implant Mucositis And Peri-implantitis

Dental implants provide an alternative treatment option for replacement of missing teeth. The increased use of dental implants for replacement of missing teeth has caused the increase of peri-implant diseases; peri-implant mukositis and peri-implantitis. The main reason of peri-implant diseases is the accumulation of microbial biofilms. Risk factors such as periodontitis history, smoking and systemic diseases might contribute to onset of the disease or its progression. Non-surgical treatment is effective for resolution of inflammation around dental implants in peri-implant mukositis, but not in peri-implantitis. Resective, regenerative or both might be performed in the treatment of peri-implantitis, depending on the configuration of bone defect. Adjunctive antimicrobials, photodynamic therapy, and systemic antibiotics have also been used, but their efficacy is limited. The aim of the present review is to provide an overview of peri-implant diseases.

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