Ferda ÖZKINAY, Zafer KURUGÖL, Güldane KOTUROĞLU, Tijen ÖZACAR, İMRE ALTUĞLU, Fadıl VARDAR, CUMHUR GÜNDÜZ, Cihangir ÖZKINAY

The epidemiology of hepatitis A infection in the population of Bornova, İzmir, Turkey

Bu çalışma ile İzmir ilinde hepatit A enfeksiyonunun farklı yaş gruplarında seroprevalansmm ve buna etki eden sosyo-ekonomik faktörlerin saptanması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmaya yaşları 1-65 yaş arasında değişen 1124 kişi alınmıştır ve bu olgular yaşlarına göre 7 gruba ayrılmıştır. Hepatit A antikorları enzim immunoassay yöntemi ile test edimiştir. Çalışma grubundaki herkese sosyo-ekonomik koşulları içeren bir anket uygulanmıştır. Anti-HAV prevalansı 7-10 ve 19-24 yaşlarında pik yapmakta idi.'Yaş gruplarına özgün prevalanslar 1-2 yaş arasında % 5.9, 3-6 yaş arsında % 12.7, 7-10 yaş arasında % 33, 11-14 yaş arsında % 32.8, 15-18 yaş arasında % 43.2, 19-24 yaş arasında % 71.4 ve 24 yaş üstünde % 91.7 olarak bulunmuştur. Kırsal, alanda yaşayanlarda prevalans kentlerde yaşayanlara göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Hepatit A enfeksiyonu prevalansı ile sosyo-ekonomik faktörler arasında anlamlı olarak ilişki saptanmıştır. Aile eğitiminin yüksek olması ve sosyoekonomik faktörlerin iyi olması hepatit A' dan koruyucu faktörlerdir. Sonuç olarak, İzmir ilinde hepatit A enfeksiyonu orta endemisite olarak tanımlanan düzeydedir bunda sosyo-ekonomik faktörler önemli rol oynamaktadır. Prevalansın okul çağında arttığı göz önünde bulundurulduğunda okula başlamadan önce aşı yapılmasının yararlı olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Anketler, İmmunoenzim teknikleri, Hepatit, viral, insan, Hepatit A, Epidemiyoloji, Sosyoekonomik faktörler, Kentsel nüfus, Yaygınlık, Kırsal nüfus, Risk faktörleri

İzmir'de hepatit A enfeksiyonu epidemiyolojisi

Background: In this study we aimed to assess the age specific prevalence of hepatitis A in population living in Bornova, Izmir /TURKEY and to identify risk factors for the hepatitis A infection. Methods: This study population was composed of 1124 healthy subjects aged 1 to 65 years old. Subjects were stratified into seven age groups. Antibodies to hepatitis A virus (HAV) were determined by enzyme immunoassay test kits. For each subject a questionnaire inquiring about socioeconomic factors was completed. Results: Prevalence of anti-HAV significantly increased with age showing two peaks in the groups of 7-10 ages and 19-24 ages. The seropositivity was 5.9%, 12.7%, 33%, 32.8%, 43.2%, 71.4%, 91.7% in the age groups 1-2, 3-6, 7-10, 11-14, 15-18, 19-24, > 24. -People living in rural area had a significantly higher prevalence of HAV infection than people living in urban area. Socioeconomic factors significantly affected the prevalence of HAV infection. Higher parents' education, use of tap water and higher income were protective. Conclusion: This study showed that HAV infection is moderately endemic in İzmir. There is a significant difference in the prevalence of HAV antibodies between people and different socioeconomic levels. Vaccination against hepatitis A should be considered before primary school period because the infection shows a peak in this period.

Keywords:

Questionnaires, Immunoenzyme Techniques, Hepatitis, Viral, Human, Hepatitis A, Epidemiology, Socioeconomic Factors, Urban Population, Prevalence, Rural Population, Risk Factors,

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