Are Consumers Really Willing to Pay More for Favorable Brand Associations? The Moderating Role of Product Value and Product Risk Level
Marka çağrışımlarının tüketici ürün değerlendirmelerine etkisi üzerine çok sayıda çalışma olmasına rağmen, fiyatla ilişkili sonuçlar ihmal edilmiştir. Bu çalışma, marka çağrışımlarının tüketicilerin prim fiyatı ödemeye isteklilikleri üzerine etkisini açıklamayı amaçlamaktadır. İlaveten bu çalışma, ürün değeri ve ürün risk düzeyinin bu etki üzerinde düzenleyici rol oynayıp aynamadığını açıklamaya çalışmaktadır. Amerika ve Türkiye’den elde edilen verileri kullanan bu araştırma göstermiştir ki marka çağrışımları tüketicilerin ödeme isteğini anlamlı ve pozitif bir şekilde etkilemektedir. Ayrıca sonuçlar, ürün değeri ve risk düzeyi yüksek olduğunda tüketicilerin pozitif çağrışımlara sahip markalar için prim fiyatı ödemeye daha çok istekli olduğunu göstermiştir
Tüketiciler Olumlu Marka Çağrışımları İçin Daha Fazla Ödemeye Gerçekten İstekli mi?
Ürün Değeri ve Ürün Risk Düzeyinin Düzenleyici Rolü
Despite the prolific research on the effect of brand associations on consumer product evaluations, the price-related consequences remain neglected. This study seeks to explain the effect of brand associations on consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) a price premium. Moreover, it attempts to explain whether this effect is moderated by product value and product risk level. Utilizing data from both US and Turkey, this study shows that brand associations significantly and positively influence consumers’ WTP. It suggests that favorable brand associations also have price-related consequences. Furthermore, the results suggest that consumers are willing to pay a price premium for favorable brands more for products that have high value and risk level
___
- Aaker, D.A. (1991). Managing Brand Equity. New
York: Free Press.
- Aaker, D.A. (1996) “Measuring Brand Equity across
Products and Markets” California Management Review,
38(3): 102-120.
- Aaker, J.L. (1997) “Dimensions of Brand Personality”
Journal of Marketing Research, 34 (August): 347-356.
- Agarwal, M.K. and Rao, V.R. (1996) “An empirical
Comparison of Consumer Based Measures of Brand Equity”
Marketing letters, 7(3): 237-247.
- Anderson, J.R. (1976). Language, Memory and
Thought. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
- Anderson, J.C. (1987) “An Approach for Confirmatory
Measurement and Structural Equation Modeling of
Organizational Properties” Management Science, 33(4):
525-41.
- Aurier, P. and Fort, F. (2007) “The Effects of Perceived
Congruity between Origin, Brand and Product on the
Purchase Intention of a Branded Product of Origin” Advances
in Consumer Research, 34: 55-63.
- Babin, B.J., Darden, W.R. and Griffin, M. (1994)
“Work and/or Fun: Measuring Hedonic and Utilitarian
Shopping Value” Journal of Consumer Research,
20(March): 644-656.
- Bagozzi, R.R. and Youjae, Y. (1988) “On the Evaluation
of Structural Equation Models” Journal of the Academy
of Marketing Science, 16(Spring): 74-94.
- Batra, R., Ramaswamy, V., Alden, D. L., Steenkamp,
J.-E. B. M. and Ramachander, S. (2000) “Effects of Brand
Local and Nonlocal Origin on Consumer Attitudes in
Developing Countries” Journal of Consumer Psychology,
9(2): 83–95.
- Bayraktar, A. (2013) “Understanding the Effect of
Country Equity on Consumer-based Brand Equity: A
Foundation to Country Branding Strategies” Doctoral
Dissertation, Rutgers Business School, Newark, NJ.
Belk, R.W. (1988) “Possessions and the Extended
Self” Journal of Consumer Research, 2(September): 139-
168.
- Bilkey, W.J. and Nes, E. (1982) “Country-of-Origin
Effects on Product Evaluations” Journal of International
Business Studies, 13(1): 89–99.
- Churchill, G.A. (1979) “A paradigm for Developing
Better Measures of Marketing Constructs” Journal of
Marketing Research, 16: 64–73.
- Cobb-Walgren, C.J., Ruble, C.A. and Donthu, N.
(1995) “Brand Equity, Brand Preference, and Purchase
Intent” Journal of Advertising, 24: 25-40.
- Cordell, V.V. (1992) “Effects of Consumer Preferences
of Foreign Sourced Products” Journal of International
Business Studies, 23(2): 51-269.
- Curras-Perez, R.; Bigne-Alcaniz, E. and AlvaradoHerrera,
A. (2009) “The Role of Self-Definitional Principles
in Consumer Identification with a Socially Responsible
Company” Journal of Business Ethics, 89: 547-564.
- Darwar, N. and Parker, P. (1994) “Marketing Universals:
Consumer Use of Brand Name, Price, Physical Appearance,
and Retailer Reputation, as Signals of Product
Quality” Journal of Marketing Research, 58: 81-95.
- Dawes, J., Mundt, K. and Sharp, B. (2009) “Consideration
Sets for Financial Services Brands” Journal of
Financial Services Marketing, 14(3): 190-202.
- Faircloth, J.B., Capella, L.M. and Alford, B.L. (2001)
“The Effect of Brand Attitude and Brand Image on Brand
Equity” Journal of Marketing Theory & Practice, 9: 61-75.
- Farquhar, P.H. and Herr P.M. (1993) “The Dual
Structure of Brand Associations” Aaker, D.A., Biel, A.
(eds.) Brand Equity & Advertising: Advertising’s Role in
Building Strong Brands, Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
- Ghorban, Z.S. (2012) “Brand Attitude, Its Antecedents
and Consequences. Investigation into Smartphone
Brands in Malaysia” Journal of Business and Management,
2(3): 31-35.
- Graeff, T.R. (1996) “Using Promotional Message to
Manage the Effects of Brand and Self-Image on Brand
Evaluation” Journal of Consumer Marketing, 13(3): 4-18.
- Hampton, G., (1977) “Perceived Risk in Buying
Products Made Abroad by American firms” Baylor Business
Studies, October: 53-64.
- Holbrook, M.B. and Hirschman, E.C. (1982) “The
Experiential Aspects of Consumption: Consumption
Fantasies, Feelings and Fun” Journal of Consumer Research,
9(September): 132-140.
- Horton, R.L. (2001) “The Structure of Perceived
Risk: Some Further Progress” Journal of the Academy of
Marketing Science 4(4): 694-706.
- Huppertz, J.W., Arenson, S.J. and Evans, R.H.
(1978) “An Application of Equity Theory to Buyer-Seller
Exchange Situations” Journal of Marketing Research,
15(May): 250-260.
- Kamakura, W.A. and Russell, G.J. (1991) “Measuring
Consumer Perceptions of Brand Quality with Scanner
Data: Implications for Brand Equity” Marketing Science
Institute Report, 91: Cambridge, MA.
- Keller, K.L. (1993) “Conceptualizing, Measuring,
and Managing Customer-based Brand Equity” Journal of
Marketing, 57(1): 1-22.
- Keller, K.L. (1998) Strategic Brand Management.
Building, Measuring and Managing Brand Equity, Prentice
Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
- Keller, K.L. (2003) Strategic Brand Management, Upper
Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
- Krishnan, H.S. (1996) “Characteristics of Memory
Associations: A Consumer-Based Brand Equity Perspective”
International Journal of Research in Marketing, 13(4):
389-405.
- Koschate-Fischer, N., Diamantopoulos, A. and Oldenkotte,
K. (2012) “Are Consumers Really Willing to Pay
more for Favorable Country Image? A study of Countryof-Origin
Effects on Willingness to Pay” Journal of International
Marketing, 20(1): 19-41.
- Lassar, W., Mittal, B. and Sharma, A. (1995) “Measuring
Customer-based Brand Equity” Journal of Consumer
Marketing, 12(November): 11-19.
- Lin, C-H. and Kao, D.T. (2004) “The Impacts of
Country-of-Origin on Brand Equity” Journal of American
Academy of Business, 5(Jan/Feb): 37-40.
- Low, G. and Lamb, C. (2000) “The Measurement and
Dimensionality of Brand Associations” Journal of Product
and Brand Management, 9(6): 350-368.
- Mackay, M.M. (2001) “Evaluation of Brand Equity
Measures: Further Empirical Results” The Journal of Product
and Brand Management, 10(1): 38-51.
- Malhotra, N.K. (1988) “Self-Concept and Product
Choice: An Integrated Perspective” Journal of Economic
Psychology, 9(1): 1-28.
- Netemeyer, R.G., Krishnan, B., Pullig, C., Wang, G.,
Yaci, M., Dean, D., Ricks, J. and Ferdinand, W. (2004)
“Developing and Validating Measures of Facets of Customer-based
Brand Equity” Journal of Business Research,
57(2): 209-224.
- Nigam, A. and Kaushik, R. (2011) “Impact of Brand
Equity on Customer Purchase Decisions: An Empirical
Investigation with Special Reference to Hatchback Car
Owners in Central Haryana” IJCEM International Journal
of Computational Engineering & Management, 12(April):
2230-7893.
- Nunnally, J.C. (1978) Psychometric Theory, NewYork:
McGraw-Hill.
- O’Cass, A. and K. Lim (2001) “The Influence of Brand
Associations on Brand Preference and Purchase Intention:
An Asian Perspective on Brand Associations” Journal of International
Consumer Marketing, 14(2/3): 41-70.
- Pappu, R., Quester, P. G. and Cooksey, R.W. (2007)
“Country Image and Consumer-based Brand Equity: Relationships
and Implications for International Marketing”
Journal of International Business Studies, 38(4): 726-745.
- Park, C.W., Maclnnis, D.J., Priester, J., Eisingerich,
A.B. and Iacobucci, D. (2010) “Brand Attachment and
brand Attitude Strength: Conceptual and Empirical Differentiation
of Two Critical Brand Equity Drivers” Journal
of Marketing, 74(6): 1-17.
- Pitta, D.A. and Katsanis, L.P. (1995) “Understanding
Brand Equity for Successful Brand Extension” Journal of
Consumer Marketing, 12(4): 51-64.
- Richardson, P.S., Dick, A. and Jain, A.K. (1994) “Extrinsic
and Intrinsic Cue Effects on Perception of Store
Brand Quality” Journal of Marketing, 58: 28-36.
- Rio, D.A.B., Vazquez, R. and Iglesias, V. (2001) “The
Effects of Brand Associations on Consumer Response”
Journal of Consumer Marketing, 18(5): 410-425.
- Romaniuk, J. and Sharp, B. (2003) “Brand Salience
and Customer Defection in Subscription Markets” Journal
of Marketing Management, 19(1/2): 25-44.
- Ross, S. D., Hyejin, B. and Seungum, L. (2007) “Assessing
Brand Associations for Intercollegiate Ice Hockey”
Sport Marketing Quarterly, 16(2): 106-114.
- Sheth, J.N., Newman, B.I. and Gross, B.L. (1991)
“Why We Buy What We Buy: A Theory of Consumption
Values” Journal of Business Research, 22(March): 159-170.
- Sirgy, M.J. (1980) “The Self-Concept in Relation to
Product Preference and Purchase Intention” Development
in Marketing Science, 3: 350-354.
- Sirgy, M.J. (1982) “Self-Concept in Consumer Behavior:
A Critical Review” Journal of Consumer Research,
9(3): 287-300.
- Sirgy M.J. (1986) Self-Congruity: Toward a Theory of
Personality and Cybernetics, NewYork, NY: Praeger.
Solomon, M.R. (2009) Consumer Behavior: Buying,
Having, and Being, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education,
Inc./Prentice Hall.
- Sweeney, J.C. and Soutar, G.N. (2001) “Consumer
Perceived Value: The Development of a Multiple Item
Scale” Journal of retailing, 77(2): 203-220.
- Teas, R. and Grapentine, T.H. (1996) “Demystifying
Brand Equity” Marketing Research: A Magazine of Management
& Applications, 8(2): 25-9.
- Van Trijp, H., Hoyer, W.D. and Inman, J.J. (1996)
“Why Switch? Product Category-Level Explanations for
True Variety Seeking Behavior” Journal of Marketing Research,
33: 281-293.
- Venable, B.T., Rose, G.M., Bush, V.D. and Gilbert,
F.W. (2005) “The Role of Brand Personality in Charitable
Giving: An Assessment and Validation” Journal of the
Academy of Marketing Science, 33(3): 295-312.
- Wall, M., Liefeld, J. and Heslop, L.A. (1991) “Impact
of Country-of-Origin Cues on Consumer Judgments in
Multi-Cue Situations: A Covariance Analysis” Journal of
the Academy of Marketing Science, 19: 105-113.
- Washburn, J.H. and Plank R.E. (2002) “Measuring
Brand Equity: An Evaluation of a Consumer-based Brand
Equity Scale” Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice,
10(1): 46-62.
- Woodruff, R.B., Ernest R.C. and Roger L.J. (1983)
“Modeling Consumer Satisfaction Processes Using Experience-Based
Norms” Journal of Marketing Research,
20(August): 296-304.
- Yeniyurt, S., Henke, J.W. and Cavusgil, E. (2012)
“Integrating Global and Local Procurement for Superior
Supplier Working Relations” International Business Review,
22(2): 351-362.
- Yoo, B. and Donthu N. (2001) “Developing and
Validating a Multidimensional Consumer-based Brand
Equity Scale” Journal of Business Research, 52 (1): 1-14.
- Yoo, B., Donthu, N. and Lee, S. (2000) “An Examination
of Selected Marketing Mix Elements and Brand
Equity” Journal of Academy of Marketing Science, 28(2):
195-211.
- Zeithaml, V.A. (1988) “Consumer Perceptions of
Price, Quality and Value: A Means-End Model and Synthesis
of Evidence” Journal of Marketing, 52(July): 2-22.