A. N. Usturalı MUT, Z. A. ÖCEK, U. YÜCEL, M. ÇİÇEKLİOĞLU, E. EDEN

İzmir-Bornova’da Gebelerin Ağız-Diş Sağlığı Hizmeti Gereksinimi Ve Bu Hizmetlerden Yararlanma Düzeyinin Sosyoekonomik Değişkenlerle İlişkisi,

Amaç: İzmir-Bornova’nın üç semtinde yaşayan, 2013 Nisan-Haziran ayları arasında gebe olan kadınların ağız-diş sağlığı hizmeti gereksinimlerinin, bu hizmetlerden yararlanma düzeylerinin ve bu düzeyin bir dizi sosyoekonomik değişken ile ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Yöntemler: Bu kesitsel araştırmada 2013 Nisan-Haziran aylarında Bornova’nın Mevlana, Naldöken ve Altındağ semtlerinde yaşayan tüm gebelere (n=289) ulaşılması hedeflenmiş, ancak %85,8’i (n=248) çalışmaya katılmıştır. Araştırmada diş hekimi muayenelerinin yanı sıra anket uygulanmıştır. Ağız-diş sağlığı gereksinimi iki şekilde tanımlanmıştır; 1) diş muayenesinde çürük ve/veya protez gerektiren eksik diş ve / veya dişeti hastalığı varlığı, 2) algılanan gereksinim. Hizmetlerden yararlanma düzeyinin sorgulanması amacıyla, kadınların son bir yıl içinde ve gebeliklerinde diş hekimine gidip gitmedikleri saptanmıştır. Bağımsız değişkenler sosyodemografik-ekonomik durum, genel sağlık düzeyi ve ağız-diş sağlığı düzeyi ile ilgili öz değerlendirme olarak gruplanmıştır. Bulgular: Çürük ve/veya protez gerektiren eksik dişe bağlı olarak gebelerin %90,7’sinin, dişeti hastalığı nedeniyle de %56,9’unun tedavi gereksinimi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Buna göre, gebelerin %94,4’ü hizmete gereksinim duymaktadır. Bu gebelerin %39,3’ü son bir yıl içinde ve %6’sı gebeliği sırasında diş hekimine gidebilmiştir. Geliri asgari ücretin üstünde olan gebelerde son bir yılda diş hekimi ziyareti olasılığı 2,05 kat yüksek bulunmuştur. Gebelerin sadece %31’i kendisine bir diş hekimi tarafından dişlerinin nasıl temizlenmesi gerektiğinin gösterildiğini ve %7,3’ü herhangi bir sağlık çalışanı tarafından gebelik dönemine özel ağız-diş sağlığı sorunları hakkında bilgilendirildiğini ifade etmiştir. Sonuç: Araştırma grubunun ağız-diş sağlığı gereksinimleri büyük oranda karşılanmamaktadır ve diş hekimliği hizmetlerinden yararlanma açısından gelir düzeyine bağlı bir eşitsizlik vardır

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Gebe, ağız-diş sağlığı, gereksinim, hizmet kullanımı

İzmir-Bornova’da Gebelerin Ağız-Diş Sağlığı Hizmeti Gereksinimi Ve Bu Hizmetlerden Yararlanma Düzeyinin Sosyoekonomik Değişkenlerle İlişkisi,

Objective: The aim was to identify the dental service needs of pregnant women living in three districts of Bornova-İzmir. It was also aimed to determine the level of utilization of these services and factors related to the utilization. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, it was targeted to reach all pregnant women living in the Mevlana, Naldöken and Altındağ districts of Bornova between April and June 2013 (n=289), but 85.8% (n=248) participated. In addition to dental examinations, a questionnaire was administered. Dental service needs were defined in two ways: 1) the presence of decay and/or missing teeth and/or gum disease requiring dental prosthesis at examination, 2) perceived requirement. In order to detect the level of utilization of services, women having received dental treatment in the last year and during pregnancy were determined. The independent variables were grouped into sociodemographic-economic situation, general level of health and self-assessment of level of dental health. Results: It was found that 90.7% of participants required treatment for decay and/or missing teeth needing dental prosthetics and 56.9% needed treatment for gum disease. According to this, 94.4% of the study population needed dental services. The percentages of the women who had visited a dentist in the last year and had visited a dentist during their pregnancy were 39.3% and 6% respectively. It was found that the likelihood of having visited a dentist in the last year was 2.05 times higher among participants whose income was above the minimum wage. The percentage of women who were instructed by a dentist on brushing was 31% and only 7.3% of participants were informed by a health care worker on pregnancy-specific dental problems. Conclusion: The dental health needs of the study group were largely unmet and there were inequalities according to level of income in the extent to which pregnant women benefited from dental services

Keywords:

Pregnancy, dental health, need, utilization of services,

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