Özlem GÜRSOY DORUK, Murat ÖRMEN, Pınar TUNCEL

COVID-19’da biyokimyasal ve hematolojik parametreler

Sistemik bir hastalık olan Koronovirüs salgınının etkilediği organ ve dokulardaki değişikliklerin, biyokimyasal parametreler üzerine etkisinin araştırıldığı birçok çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bu derlemede; hastalığın tanı, tedavi, prognozunu öngörmede katkı sağlayabilecek belli başlı parametreler ön plana çıkarılarak tanısal ve prognostik yeterliliklerinin ele alınması amaçlandı. COVID 19 hastaları için istenen rutin testler içinde asıl nedenin enfeksiyon olması ve testin kolay uygulanabilir olması nedeniyle tam kan sayımı parametreleri ve bunlardan özellikle lökosit, lenfosit ve trombosit ön plana çıkmıştır. Ayrıca inflamatuvar sürecin ve “sitokin fırtınası”nın değerlendirilmesi açısından fikir veren prokalsitonin, C Reaktif Protein, Eritrosit Sedimentasyon Hızı, interlökinler, ferritin testleri kullanılan diğer parametrelerdir. Hastalığın özellikle komplikasyonlarının değerlendirilmesinde karaciğer ve böbrek fonksiyon testleri, kardiyak belirteçlerden CK MB, kardiyak troponinler, miyoglobin, fibrin yıkım ürünü olan D dimer testi, sekonder hemostaz hakkında fikir veren protrombin ve aktive parsiyel tromboplastin zamanı testleri yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır.

BIOCHEMICAL AND HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN COVID-19

There is extensive research related to the changes in the hematological and biochemical tests in COVID infection. The complete blood count, especially leucocyte, lymphocyte and thrombocyte counts became prominent among the routine clinical chemistry tests since this is an infectious process and these tests are easy to perform. Besides, interleukins, C reactive protein, erithrocyte sedimentation rate, procalcitonin, ferritin were used widely to assess the inflammatory process and the “cytokine storm”. Some parameters are used to evaluate the complications related to the liver, kidneys and the heart. Hypercoagulopathy and thrombosis were common in this infection and the major reason for many complications seen in COVID 19. Creatine kinase, cardiac troponins, myoglobin were used to assess cardiac status; aspartat aminotransferase, albumin, lactate dehydrogenase were used broadly to assess liver function and fibrin degradation products, activated partial thromboplastin time and D dimer were used to determine the thrombotic state. In this review article, we aimed to address the parameters that are important in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of COVID 19, discuss their diagnostic and prognostic efficiency and their value in risk stratification.

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