IŞIL BİRLİK, N. Funda AK EZEM

Influence of Bath Composition on the Structure and Properties of Nickel Coatings Produced by Electrodeposition Technique

Electrodeposited nickel coatings are extensively used in engineering applications due to their excellent corrosion and wear resistance and easy mechanical operation. The structural characteristics, corrosion and mechanical properties of nickel coatings are related to the deposition parameters; such as bath component, composition, current density, pH, deposition time and additives. Electrodeposition technique is one of the most technologically feasible and economical techniques for producing metallic coatings. Watts bath is the most commonly applied nickel electrodeposition bath. Aim of this study is to optimize Watts bath composition by changing nickel chloride concentration and to investigate structural, morphological, corrosion and mechanical properties of produced coatings. It was found that coatings prepared with 0.17M nickel chloride concentration in Watts bath present the better corrosion resistance and mechanical property.

Banyo Kompozisyonunun Elektroçöktürme Yöntemi ile Üretilen Nikel Kaplamaların Yapısı ve Özelliklerine Etkisi

Elektroçöktürülmüş nikel kaplamalar mükemmel korozyon ve aşınma dayanımları ve mekanik olarak kolay işlenebilirlikleri sebebi ile mühendislik uygulamalarında yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Nikel kaplamaların yapısal karakteristikleri, korozyon ve mekanik özellikleri banyo bileşenleri, kompozisyonları, akım yoğunluğu, pH, kaplama süresi ve katkılar gibi kaplama parametrelerine bağlıdır. Elektroçöktürme tekniği metalik kaplamaların üretiminde kullanılan teknolojik olarak en uygulanabilir ve ekonomik yöntemlerden birisidir. Watts banyosu nikelin elektroçöktürülmesinde en yaygın olarak kullanılan banyodur. Bu çalışmanın amacı nikel klorür konsantrasyonunun değiştirilmesi ile Watts banyo kompozisyonunu optimize edilmesi ve üretilen kaplamaların yapısal, morfolojik, korozyon ve mekanik özelliklerinin incelenmesidir. 0,17M nikel klorür konsantrasyonuna sahip Watts banyosu ile hazırlanmış olan kaplamaların daha iyi korozyon direncine ve mekanik özelliğe sahip olduğu bulunmuştur.

PDF

___

Sajjadnejad, M., Omidvar, H., Javanbakht, M., Mozafari, A. 2015. Characterization of Pure Nickel Coatings Fabricated under Pulse Current Conditions, International Journal of Chemical, Molecular, Nuclear, Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Vol:9, No:8, 1061-1065. DOI: scholar.waset.org/1999.2/100028 46

El-Sherik, A.M., Erb, U. 1995. Synthesis of bulk nanocrystalline nickel by pulsed Electrodeposition, Journal of Materials Science, 30, 5743-5749. DOI: 10.1007/BF00356715

Chaoqun, L., Xinhai, L., Zhixing, W., Huajun, G. 2015. Mechanism of Nanocrystalline Nickel Electrodeposition from Novel Citrate Bath, Rare Metal Materials and Engineering, 44(7), 15611567.

Kilinc, Y., Unal, U., Alaca, B. E. 2015. Residual stress gradients in electroplated nickel thin films, Microelectronic Engineering, 134, 60-67. DOI: 10.1016/j.mee.2015.01.042

Rudnik, E., Wojnicki, M., Wloch, G. 2012. Effect of gluconate addition on the electrodeposition of nickel from acidic baths, Surface & Coatings Technology, 207, 375388. DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2012.07.027

Sadiku-Agboola, O., Sadiku, E.R., Ojo, O.I., Akanji, O.L., Biotidara, O.F. 2011. Influence of Operation Parameters on Metal Deposition in Bright Nickel-plating Process, Portugaliae Electrochimica Acta, 29(2), 91-100. DOI: 10.4152/pea.201102091

Boukhouiete, A., Creus J. 2015. Nickel deposits obtained by continuous and pulsed electrodeposition processes, J. Mater. Environ. Sci.6 (7)18401844.

Karayannis, H. S., Patermarakis, G. 1995. Effect of the Cl- and SO4-2 ions on the Selective orientation and structure of Ni electrodeposits, Electro chemica Acta, 40, 10791092.

Wang, Y., Yang, C., He, J., Wang, W. Mitsuzak, N. Chen, Z. 2016. Effects of choline chloride on electrodeposited Ni coating from aWatts-type bath, Applied Surface Science, 372, 1-6. DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.01.182

Gomez, E., Pollina, R., Valles, E. 1995. Nickel electrodeposition on different metallic substrates, Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 386, 45 -56.

Orinakova, R., Streckova, M., Trnkova, Rozik, L. R., Galova, M. 2006. Comparison of chloride and sulphate electrolytes in nickel electrodeposition on a paraffin impregnated graphite electrode Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 594, 152-159. DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2006.05.031

Dennis, J. K., Such, T. E. 1993. Electroplating baths and anodes used for industrial nickel deposition Nickel and Chromium Plating, 3rd. Edition, A volume in Woodhead Publishing Series in Metals and Surface Engineering,41-65. DOI: 10.1533/9781845698638.41

Gadelmawla, E. S., Koura, M. M., Maksoud, T. M. A., Elewa, I. M., Soliman, H. H. 2002. Roughness parameters, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 123, 133145. DOI: 10.1016/S09240136(02)00060-2

Evgeny, B., Hughes, T., Eskin, D. 2016. Effect of surface roughness on corrosion behaviour of low carbon steel in inhibited 4M hydrochloric acid under laminar and turbulent ﬂow conditions, Corrosion Science, 103, 196-205. DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2015.11.019

Toloei, A., Stoilov, V. , Northwood D., 2013. The Relationship Between Surface roughness and Corrosion, Proceedings of the ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition, DOI: 10.1115/IMECE2013-65498

Mansfeld, F. 1976. The Polarization Resistance Technique for Measuring Corrosion Currents, in: M. G. Fontana, R. H. Staehle, ed. Advances in Corrosion Engineering and Technology, Plenum Press, New York, 163-262.

Hack, H., Scully, J. 2005. Electrochemical Tests, in R. Baboian, ed. Corrosion tests and standards: application and interpretation, ASTM Series, Philadelphia, 107-130

Cramer, S. D. Covino, B. S. 2005. Corrosion: Fundamentals, Testing and Protection, 13A, ASM Handbook, ASM International, USA.

Lampke, T. Wielage, B., Dietrich, D., Leopold, A. 2006. Details of crystalline growth in co-deposited electroplated nickel films with hard (nano)particles, Applied Surface Science, 253, 2399-2408. DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2006.04.060