Aslıhan ÇATIKER, Gülhan KÜÇÜK ÖZTÜRK, Gizem Deniz BULUCU BÜYÜKSOY, Kamuran ÖZDİL

Hemşirelik Son Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Covı̇d 19 Sürecinde Yaşlıların Yaşadıkları Sorunlara Yönelik Görüşleri ve Yaşlı Ayrımcılığına Karşı Tutumları

Giriş: Yaşlı bireylerin, kronik hastalık prevalansının artması, yaşlanma ile ortaya çıkan fizyolojik ve psikososyal değişikliklere bağlı olarak bakım sorunlarının pandemi sürecinde daha da önemli olduğu görülmektedir. Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı son sınıf hemşirelik öğrencilerinin yaşlı ayrımcılığına ilişkin tutumları ve Covid-19 pandemi sürecinde yaşlı bireylerin yaşadıkları sorunlara ilişkin görüşlerini incelemektir. Yöntem: Bu çalışma nicel ve nitel boyutları olan karma bir çalışmadır ve Türkiye'deki bir sağlık bilimleri fakültesinin hemşirelik bölümünde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın nicel bölümünü 75 son sınıf öğrencisi, nitel bölümünü ise 13 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Nicel veriler; Tanımlayıcı Bilgi Formu ve Yaşlı Ayrımcılığı Tutum Ölçeği (YATÖ) ile, nitel veriler ise yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Nicel verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, independent sample t test, One Way Anova, Mann-Whitney U ve Kruskal Wallistestleri; nitel verilerin değerlendirilmesinde de içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın uygulanabilmesi için, etik kurul izni ve katılımcı onamı alınmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmada öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 22.16±0.91 olup %76.0’sının kadın olduğu, %85.3’ünün pandemi sürecinde yaşlı biri ile aynı evde yaşadığı, %96’sının mesleki eğitimleri sürecinde yaşlı bireye hemşirelik bakımı verdiği ve %18.7’sinin pandemi sürecinden yaşlı bireye yardım ettiği saptanmıştır. Araştırmada öğrencilerin yaşlı bireylere yönelik tutumlarının olumlu olduğu ve öğrencilerin pandemi sürecinde yaşlılara ilişkin görüşlerinin savunmasızlık, duygusal sarsıntı, kültür ve buzdağı ana temaları çerçevesinde dağılım gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, son sınıf hemşirelik öğrencilerinin yaşlı bireylere yönelik tutumlarının olumlu olduğu ve COVID-19 pandemisininyaşlı bireylerin sağlığı üzerindeki etkilerini bütüncül bakış açısıyla ele alabildikleri belirlenmiştir. Buna göre öğrencilerin hemşirelikeğitim sürecinde yaşlılara bakım verme fırsatının artırılması ve hemşirelik müfredatında yaşlı kavramına daha çok yer verilmesi önerilir.

Views of Senior Nursing Students on the Problems of the Elderly During the Covid 19 Process and Attitudes Against Ageism

Background: Older adults, the prevalence of chronic diseasesincrease, depending on the physiological and psychological changes that occur with aging processes of maintenance issues in pandemic seems to be more important. Objectives: This study aimsto examine the attitudes of senior nursing students regarding ageism as well as their views of the problems the elderly faced during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The present study is a mixed study with quantitative and qualitative dimensions and it was conducted in the nursing department of a health sciences faculty in Turkey. The quantitative part of the study consisted of 75 senior students and the qualitative part was composed of 13 students. Quantitative data were collected using the Introductory Information Form and the Ageism Attitude Scale and qualitative data using a semi-structured interview form. Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, one-way analysis Mann–Whitney U, and Kruskal–Wallis tests and content analysis were used. Results: The mean age of the students was 22.16 ± 0.91, 76% were female, 85.3% lived in the same house with an older adults in the pandemic process, 96% provided nursing care to the older adults during their professional education, and 18.7% did help the older adults during the pandemic. It was found that the students’ attitudes toward the elderly were positive and their views ofthe elderly during the pandemic were distributed among the main themes of Vulnerable, Emotional Shake, Culture, and Iceberg. Conclusion: In this study, it was determined that senior nursing students have a positive attitude towards elderly people and can handle the effects of theCOVID-19 pandemic on the health of elderly individuals from a holistic perspective. It is recommended to increase the opportunity of studentsto care for the elderly in the nursing education process and to include the concept of the elderly more in the nursing curriculum.

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