Covid-19 Salgınının Çocuklar Üzerindeki Olası Etkileri: İstismar ve İhmal Boyutu

COVID-19; yüksek ateş ve nefes darlığı ile tanımlanan, damlacık ve temas yoluyla bulaşan yeni viral solunum yolu hastalığıdır. Hastalık; birey, aile ve toplumun sağlığını küresel boyutta etkilemesi nedeni ile salgın olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Salgın, neden olduğu yaşam kayıpları yanısıra oluşturduğu sosyal ve ekonomik sorunlar ile de etkilerini sürdürmektedir. Tarih boyunca görülen küresel salgınlarda olduğu gibi salgının sosyal ve ekonomik sonuçlarından en çok etkilenen grup çocuklar olmuştur. Çocuklar, hastalık açısından doğrudan risk grubunda olmamakla birlikte; yoksullaşma, eğitim, sağlık ve hayatta kalma, güvenlik olmak üzere salgından dört boyutta etkilenmiştir. Bu süreçte çocuklarda; yoksulluk, aile içi şiddet, istismar ve ihmal, korku, stres, endişe ve ruhsal problemler gibi sorunlar oluşmuştur. Özellikle salgın nedeniyle okulların kapanması, evde kalma önlemleri, sosyal mesafe kısıtlamaları, alkol tüketimi ve aile içi şiddette artışın olması gibi birçok etmen bu dönemde çocuk istismarı ve ihmali riskini arttırmıştır. Bu derlemenin amacı, COVID-19 salgının çocuklar üzerindeki etkilerini çocuk istismarı ve ihmali boyutunda literatür doğrultusunda incelemektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Çocuk istismarı ve ihmali, Aile içi şiddet, Covid-19 ve Çocuk

The Potential Impact of The COVID-19 Pandemic On Children: The Dimension of Abuse and Neglect

COVID-19 is a novel viral respiratory disease that is transmitted with droplets and physical contact and is identified with high fever and shortness of breath. The disease is defined as pandemic because of the global pandemic affecting the health of individuals, families, and society. In addition to the loss of lives caused by this pandemic, it also continues to have its effects with the social and economic problems it causes. Children have been the group most affected by the social and economic outcomes of the outbreak, which is the case in global outbreaks throughout history. Although children are not directly included in the risk group for this disease, they are affected in four dimensions by the pandemic; impoverishment, education, health and survival, and safety. In this process, problems like poverty, domestic violence, abuse and neglect, fear, stress, anxiety, and mental problems emerged in children. Many factors like the lock-down of schools, home-stay measures, social distance limitations, alcohol consumption, and increased domestic violence also increased the risk of child abuse and neglect in this period, especially due to the pandemic. The purpose of this review was to examine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on children in line with the literature data on child abuse and neglect.

Keywords:

Child abuse and neglect, Domestic violence, Covid-19 and Child,

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